. The myology of the raven (Corvus corax sinuatus.) A guide to the study of the muscular system in birds . he tendon of theflexor to the first toe is external to the tendon of theflexor perforans digitorum profundus as it passes theankle-joint. At the back of the tarsus it crosses the latter super-ficially, and then passing directly to the under side of thehind-toe it becomes inserted into the base of its ungualphalanx. Now the larger tendon of the f. p- digitorum pro-fundus, after arriving at the sole of the foot, trifurcates,and a slip is sent to the under side of each anterior toe,where pas
. The myology of the raven (Corvus corax sinuatus.) A guide to the study of the muscular system in birds . he tendon of theflexor to the first toe is external to the tendon of theflexor perforans digitorum profundus as it passes theankle-joint. At the back of the tarsus it crosses the latter super-ficially, and then passing directly to the under side of thehind-toe it becomes inserted into the base of its ungualphalanx. Now the larger tendon of the f. p- digitorum pro-fundus, after arriving at the sole of the foot, trifurcates,and a slip is sent to the under side of each anterior toe,where passing forwards they too become inserted at thebases of the ungual digits of the respective above this trifurcation the tendons of these twomuscles however, are connected, and that by a fibrousvinculum (Fig. 65 quat., Vn] which passes between them. THE MUSCLES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY. 239 The fibres of this vinculum come off from the tendonof the flexor longus hallucis, and pass downwards tosoon merge with the fibres of the tendon of the flexorperforans digitorum profundus at the Fig. 65 ter. 11L Fig. 65 quat. Fig. 6^ quin. FIG. 65 ter.—Right foot of Mcgalwmi asiatica, showing an arrangement of tlie plantar 65 quat.—Left foot of Gnllus bankiva. Vn, vinculum running downwards from the outer hallucial tendon to the inner digital common 65 quin.—Right foot of mantclli. (All three figures copied by the author from Garrod.) The strength and size of the vinculum is differentin nearly ever}7 group of birds where it is present. InFig. 65 bis, at a, I have shown the position and size of 240 THE MYOLOGY OF THE RAVEN. this vinculum as I found it to be present in the GroundCuckoo. In order to show how different this disposition of theseplantar tendons may be, I quote Garrods description ofhis dissection of the foot of a specimen of Megalcemaasiatica (Fig. 65 ter.}. He says, in this bird the twotendons descend behind the ankle a
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