. Land teaching; a handbook of soils, plants, gardens and grounds, for teachers and cultivators . e simplest structure and the last takes In themost complete plants. (a) Thallophites—This group takes in the one-celled plants, asalgae and also the fungi. Among the latter we find many of thecauses of plant disease. (b) Byrophites—Moss plants. The group consists of mosses, liver-worts and allied forms. (c) Pterldophites—Fern plants. The horsetails and other formsare also within this group. (d) Spermatophites—Seed plants. This is the highest and mostcomplex group, consisting of all the forms that
. Land teaching; a handbook of soils, plants, gardens and grounds, for teachers and cultivators . e simplest structure and the last takes In themost complete plants. (a) Thallophites—This group takes in the one-celled plants, asalgae and also the fungi. Among the latter we find many of thecauses of plant disease. (b) Byrophites—Moss plants. The group consists of mosses, liver-worts and allied forms. (c) Pterldophites—Fern plants. The horsetails and other formsare also within this group. (d) Spermatophites—Seed plants. This is the highest and mostcomplex group, consisting of all the forms that produce seed, as apples,peaches, berries, etc. This group may be divided as follows (1) Anglospermes- Seed borne in closed ovary. (x) Dicotyledons or Exogens—^Plants having hard woody stems asmost trees, leaves netted, veined and the seed always has two cotyle-dons (halves). (y) Monocotyledons or Endogens—Plants with soft stems and par-allel veined leaves as corn; the seed has only one cotyledon. (2) Gymnosperms—Seed borne naked on an aborted leaf or scale,as in the pine IAKTS OK A , Root; 2, Stem; 3, Leaf; 4, Flower. LAND TEACHING. 27 The dicotyledenous ^oup is the most important one in the studyof fruits. In floriculture, however, the monocotyledons assume greatImportance. The Parts of a Plant—A single plant may be divided into the follow-ing parts Root, stem, bud, leaf, flower, fruit and seed. Each of thethese parts furnishes the subject for separate consideration. We willthen take up reproduction, horticultural methods of propagation andspecial fruits. THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. The world about us is commonly divided into three kingdoms—(a)the animal, (b) vegetable, and (c) mineral. The component partsof the animal kinguom have ilfe, and all at some time the power offree movement. Among the vegetable we have the power of growthand life, but not free movement. The minerals are inanimate, beingplaced in position by Nature, and forced to remain th
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