The American florist : a weekly journal for the trade . mixed concrete isequal to the volume of tjie stone plusone-half to one-third the volume of thesand. There has been much discussionamong engineers and others as to theamount of water that should be added tothe aggregates and cement for makingthe best concrete; and while it is notthe purpose of this paper to enter intothis controversy, it might be said thatthe modern tendency is toward wet con-crete. The old way was to add justenough water, so that when all the con-crete was in the form and tamped, itwould show moisture on the t
The American florist : a weekly journal for the trade . mixed concrete isequal to the volume of tjie stone plusone-half to one-third the volume of thesand. There has been much discussionamong engineers and others as to theamount of water that should be added tothe aggregates and cement for makingthe best concrete; and while it is notthe purpose of this paper to enter intothis controversy, it might be said thatthe modern tendency is toward wet con-crete. The old way was to add justenough water, so that when all the con-crete was in the form and tamped, itwould show moisture on the tamping is a very important partof the operation, and the quality of thework is dependent upon how well thisis superintended, as unless it is well andthoroughly done the concrete is liable tobe honeycombed and imperfect, especial-ly near the forms. With the growth ofthe use of concrete .the old method ofputting it in the forms nearly dry anddepending on tamping to consolidate ithas been more or less abandoned, andthe more modern way is to put the con-. WREATH OF ORCHIDS, GARDENIAS AND LILY OF THE VALLEY. 144 The American Florist. Aug. i8, Crete in quite wet, as less tamping is re-quired and much labor and expensesaved. One of the great objections tothis scheme is that if care is not taken,the water will tend to wash the cementfrom the stone and sand; in other words,unmix it. However, it may be saidthat it is now generally understood thatrather wet concrete properly handledmakes better work. The amount of wa-ter to be added to the aggregates andcement varies from i water to 3 cementby measurement to 12 per cent of waterby weight. In 1887 Mr. Carey, of New-haven, England, made the statement that23 gallons water per cubic yard of ce-ment was the best mixture. Quite fre-quently salt water is used in mixingconcrete in cold weather to preventfreezing, and it seems to have no illeffects on the resulting mixture.—Ce-ment Age. Hammonds WorKs Enlarged. Benjamin Hammonds insecticide andp
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