. Chemistry: general, medical, and pharmaceutical, including the chemistry of the U. S. Pharmacopia. A manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy. Graham termed it hydrogenium, other chemists hydrium,arid considered its relative weight in the solid state to be nearly three-fourths that of water. Cailletet and Pictet have since actually liquefiedand solidified this element. f The best form is granulated zinc {Zincum, U. S. P.), made by heatingscraps of common sheet zinc in an iron ladle over a fire, and, immediatelythe metal is fused, pourin
. Chemistry: general, medical, and pharmaceutical, including the chemistry of the U. S. Pharmacopia. A manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy. Graham termed it hydrogenium, other chemists hydrium,arid considered its relative weight in the solid state to be nearly three-fourths that of water. Cailletet and Pictet have since actually liquefiedand solidified this element. f The best form is granulated zinc {Zincum, U. S. P.), made by heatingscraps of common sheet zinc in an iron ladle over a fire, and, immediatelythe metal is fused, pouring it, in a slow stream, into a pail of water froma height of eight or ten feet. Each drop of zinc thus yields a thin littlebell, which, for its weight, presents a large surface to the action of theacid liquid. If the zinc is allowed to become hotter than necessary, thelittle bells will not be formed. A trace of iron in the zinc greatly in-creases the rate at which the hydrogen is evolved. HYDROGEN. 21 to the zinc and water, in the proportion of about 1 volume ofacid to 5 of water, and fit on the delivery-tube; or pour theacid down such a funnel-tube* as is shown in Fig. 5; the Fig. 4. Fig. Preparation of Hydrogen. hydrogen at once escapes with effervescence from the rejected the first portions (or having waited until theair originally in the bottle may be considered to be all expelled),collect four or five tubes of the gas in the manner describedunder Oxygen. Note.—This process is similar to that of the British Pharma-copoeia. In making larger quantities bottles of appropriate Bizemay be employed. Other metals, notably potassium and sodium,liberate hydrogen the moment they come into contact with water,but the processes are not economical and the action is dangerouslyviolent. Properties.—Like oxygen, hydrogen gas is invisible, inodor-ous, and tasteless. If iron be used, the gas has a markedsmell, but this is due to impurities derived from the iron. Apply a f
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