. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . GRAVEL, CINDERS, CHATS, CEMENTING. GRAVEL A^ID 111.—Cross-sections of Ballast for Class **B** Roads. the ends of the ties. Specifications for the placing of mudballast, as well as other forms of ballast, have frequently speci-fied that the ballast should be crowned about 1 inch above thelevel of the tops of the ties in the center of the track. Thisfeature of any cross-section, although proposed, was rejectedby the association, in spite of the fact that when a t


. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . GRAVEL, CINDERS, CHATS, CEMENTING. GRAVEL A^ID 111.—Cross-sections of Ballast for Class **B** Roads. the ends of the ties. Specifications for the placing of mudballast, as well as other forms of ballast, have frequently speci-fied that the ballast should be crowned about 1 inch above thelevel of the tops of the ties in the center of the track. Thisfeature of any cross-section, although proposed, was rejectedby the association, in spite of the fact that when a tie is soimbedded it certainly will have a somewhat greater holdingnower in the ballast. §236. BALLAST. 273 236. Proper depth of ballast. The depth of ballast is officiallydefined by the A. R. E. A. as the distance from the bottom ofthe tie to the top of the subgrade. In the recommended sec-tions (Figs. 110 to 112) the depth shown varies from 6 inchesto 12 inches. But the Ballast Committee reported in 1915 asa recommended conclusion that From the data available, itis concluded that with ties 7 in. by 9 in. by 8^ ft., spaced approx-imately


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