. Cooperative economic insect report. Insect pests Control United States Periodicals. - 29 - Life History and Habits: The fly has one generation a year generally. In England eggs are laid in summer and hatch in late January or early February. Larvae enter the wheat stem through the basal node, usually causing decomposition and discolor- tion within 24 hours. They settle in the central hollow of shoot just below ground level though they may occur above ground later. The larvae begin to leave the plants by last of April and usually pupate by mid-May. One larva may attack 6 or more plants, the th
. Cooperative economic insect report. Insect pests Control United States Periodicals. - 29 - Life History and Habits: The fly has one generation a year generally. In England eggs are laid in summer and hatch in late January or early February. Larvae enter the wheat stem through the basal node, usually causing decomposition and discolor- tion within 24 hours. They settle in the central hollow of shoot just below ground level though they may occur above ground later. The larvae begin to leave the plants by last of April and usually pupate by mid-May. One larva may attack 6 or more plants, the third instar being able to travel 18 inches. Adults emerge from June through early August, with the peak emergence about mid-June. Females deposit around 22 eggs, which are laid singly in groups of 2 or 3, immediately below or on the surface of loose soil. Description: Adult male thorax ochreous gray with some indeterminate black mark- ings, sides lighter. Abdomen narrow, darker than thorax, hairy with some obscure transverse striae and a faint interrupted dorsal stripe. Wings yellowish, with narrow yellowish-brown veins. Halteres pale; costal spine small. Legs black; tibiae piceous. Thorax and abdomen of female without markings; legs with four posterior femora and all tibiae pale. Length 6-8 mm. Eggs creamy white, slightly concave, pointed one end, flattened at other. Fine longitudinal surface markings in form of ridges and curves which run into one another. Length mm. Newly hatched larva differs from later instars by having two pairs of unserrated cephalic hooks, one pair above the other; the more mature larva has one pair of serrated cephalic hooks. Anterior spiracles possess 7-8 undivided papillae. The caudal end is truncated and beveled dorso-ventrally, and has a characteristic arrangement of spines. Length 20 mm. There are three larval instars. Puparium is typical of the Muscidae. (Prepared in Plant Pest Survey Section in cooperation with other ARS agencies.) CEIR 7 (48
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