. Diseases of the rectum and anus: designed for students and practitioners of medicine. inches (85centimeters) and the shortest five inches ( centimeters),the average length being eighteen and one-third inches (46centimeters). Its average length was found to be about oneand one-half inches ( centimeters) more in men than inwomen. The Sigmoid Mesocolon is of variable length. It is slightlylonger in men than in women and surrounds the sigmoid colon,anchoring it above in the left iliac fossa on the left side of the 8 DISEASES OF THE RECTUM AND ANUS psoas muscle (variable), and below, just
. Diseases of the rectum and anus: designed for students and practitioners of medicine. inches (85centimeters) and the shortest five inches ( centimeters),the average length being eighteen and one-third inches (46centimeters). Its average length was found to be about oneand one-half inches ( centimeters) more in men than inwomen. The Sigmoid Mesocolon is of variable length. It is slightlylonger in men than in women and surrounds the sigmoid colon,anchoring it above in the left iliac fossa on the left side of the 8 DISEASES OF THE RECTUM AND ANUS psoas muscle (variable), and below, just above the third sacralvertebra (formerly mesorectum). It is of sufficient length togive a wide range of mobility to the sigmoid loop. RECTUM (RECTUS = STRAIGHT) The inferior portion of the colon and alimentary canal iscalled the rectum, a misnomer in the human species; the termoriginated from the usual straight form which this organ pre-sents in the lower animals. It is tubular, devoid of longitudinal bands, and is nar-rowest at its junction with the sigmoid flexure and at the anal. Fig. 3.—Paraffln-Injected Rectum and Sigmoid, Showing the Curves, Mesen-tery, Bladder, and Recto-vesical Fold of Peritoneum (from Child ThreeYears Old). extremity. The largest part of the rectum (ampulla) is mov-able, begins at the crossing of the levator ani muscle, extendsupward several inches; its anterior and posterior walls remainin contact, presenting a transverse slit. In that portion of therectum below the levator ani muscle (anal canal) its lateral wallsare in contact, presenting an antero-posterior slit. Relations of the Rectum.—The rectum is in close appositionanteriorly with the small intestine, recto-vesical pouch, bladder(Fig. 3), prostate, seminal vesicles, and urethra in the male;and with the uterus, vagina, Douglass cul-de-sac, and smallintestine in the female; posteriorly with the mesorectum, left ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 9 pyriformis muscle, sacral plexus, internal iliac vessels
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanusdis, bookyear1910
