. A practical treatise on medical diagnosis for students and physicians . reased, the movement is increa.^ed ;when the pleural cavity is filled, it is diminished. Cause. Enlargement of one side signifies enlargement of may be due (1) to an increase of the normal contents as in com-pensatory emphysema, in which there is an increased amount of air iuthe lung; or (2) to the presence of abnormal contents as fluid or^ air inthe pleural sac. It is the most characteristic sign of pleural effusion. COXTBACTIOX OR DIMINUTION IN SIZE OF CHEST. 469 UxiLATERAi. CoxTRACTION OR DiMixuTiox IN SiZ
. A practical treatise on medical diagnosis for students and physicians . reased, the movement is increa.^ed ;when the pleural cavity is filled, it is diminished. Cause. Enlargement of one side signifies enlargement of may be due (1) to an increase of the normal contents as in com-pensatory emphysema, in which there is an increased amount of air iuthe lung; or (2) to the presence of abnormal contents as fluid or^ air inthe pleural sac. It is the most characteristic sign of pleural effusion. COXTBACTIOX OR DIMINUTION IN SIZE OF CHEST. 469 UxiLATERAi. CoxTRACTION OR DiMixuTiox IN SiZE, The affcctedside looks flat before and behind, the anterior or the posterior portion, orlioth being depressed and approaching the transverse median plane ofthe chest. (See Fig. 145.) The semicircumference is lessened, as is thediameter through the nipple or any other fixed point. The costal anglesare sharper. The ribs are closer together, and may almost overlap. Theinterspaces are lessened in width and may be drawn in. The movement of the side is lessened. Fig. Unilateral retraction of chest, consequent upon cirrhosis of the left lung, in a girl of fourteenyears. The figures indicate anteroposterior and transverse diameters and semicircumferences ofright and left half of the chest. (Gee.) Cause. Any diminution of contents will cause diminution of theaffected side. It may occur from obstruction or compression of thebronchi of that side, lessening the amount of air in that portion of thethorax. Theoretically, it may occur in a case where there is completeocclusion of the main bronchus. This condition is rare, and is accom-panied by marked associate emphysema of the other lungs. Unilateralcontraction is most frequently seen in cases of chronic pleurisy and offibroid phthisis. A large portion or even the whole of the lung may bebound down and compressed by thickened adhesions. The pleural cavityof the side thus affected is completely obliterated, save where encroachedupon
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