. The earth and its inhabitants ... Geography. IIYDEOGRAPHY OF THE PARANA STATES. 205 Alono- the whole of the southern seaboard beyond Santos frequent modifica- tions have evidently taken place in the contour line of the coastlands. On the one hand, the sea has penetrated through creeks and inlets into the mainland ; on the other the mainland has advanced seawards, developing mud banks, sandy spits, and cordons along the beach. In the north the coast of S. Paulo has been carved into rocky headlands and islands, plunging their steep escarpments into deep water, or rising, like the large island
. The earth and its inhabitants ... Geography. IIYDEOGRAPHY OF THE PARANA STATES. 205 Alono- the whole of the southern seaboard beyond Santos frequent modifica- tions have evidently taken place in the contour line of the coastlands. On the one hand, the sea has penetrated through creeks and inlets into the mainland ; on the other the mainland has advanced seawards, developing mud banks, sandy spits, and cordons along the beach. In the north the coast of S. Paulo has been carved into rocky headlands and islands, plunging their steep escarpments into deep water, or rising, like the large island of S. Sebastiao, 4,300 feet above the Fig. 85.—Cananea Channel. Scale 1 : 700, West oP Greenwicln 47'50' 0to5 Fathoms. Depths. 5 to 10 Fathoms. 10 Fathoms and upwards. 12 Miles. surface ; but farther south is seen the opposite phenomenon of sandy formations frino-ino- the shore. Some rocky islands have thus been joined to the mainland by recent alluvial deposits filling up the intervening channels. Such are the Santos and Santo Amaro hills, where the old marine straits are now represented only by shallow backwaters. The vast Bav of Paranagua, which greatly resembles that of Pio de Janeiio, is bordered, like' the Santos inlet, by marshy tracts standing little above sea-level. Farther south the large island of S. Francisco at the Joinville estuary has pre- served its insular character, being still separated from the mainland by an open. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Reclus, Elisée, 1830-1905; Ravenstein, Ernest George, 1834-1913; Keane, A. H. (Augustus Henry), 1833-1912. New York, D. Appleton and company
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