. Sadlier's excelsior studies in the history of the United States, for schools. ued to exercise a marked influence not only over the Catholicsof his own diocese, but even throughout the entire UnitedStates. In 1850, New York was made an Archiepiscopal See, and in 1858, theArchbishop laid thecorner-stone of thatmagnificent Cathedralwhich is now the prideof this Continent. 7. Anti-Catho-lic Feeling. —Be- ween the years 1834and 1844, an anti-Catholic spirit grad-ually gained groundamong certain partiesbearing the name ofNative AmericanSy^and it at length re-sulted in riots. InPhiladelphia,churche
. Sadlier's excelsior studies in the history of the United States, for schools. ued to exercise a marked influence not only over the Catholicsof his own diocese, but even throughout the entire UnitedStates. In 1850, New York was made an Archiepiscopal See, and in 1858, theArchbishop laid thecorner-stone of thatmagnificent Cathedralwhich is now the prideof this Continent. 7. Anti-Catho-lic Feeling. —Be- ween the years 1834and 1844, an anti-Catholic spirit grad-ually gained groundamong certain partiesbearing the name ofNative AmericanSy^and it at length re-sulted in riots. InPhiladelphia,churches, schools,md the houses of Cathohcs were pillaged and burned, andJ^ew York was saved from similar scenes only by the promptmd decisive intervention of Bishop Hughes. In 1852, this feeling again culminated, and New , Brooklyn, Newark, St. Louis, and other cities werelisgraced by mobs and riots. The authors of these shamefulDroceedings bore the name of Know NothingsJ 8. The Blessed Virgin the Patroness of theQnited 1846, the Sixth Council of Baltimore. AECHBISHOP HTTGHES. 374 EXCELSIOE. HISTOliY. assembled. Twenty-three bishops took part in its delibera-tions ; and their first act was solemnly to choose the BlessedVirgi7i Mary, conceived tvithout sin, as the Patroness of theCTnited States. This was eight years before the definition ofthe dogma of the Immaculate Conception (1854). During this Council, the Bishops had the consolation of seeing twoCatholic Chaplains, Fathers McElroy and Rey, appointed to accompanythe American army then invading Mexico. The two Chaplains werebrevetted as Captains to give them rank in the army. About the sametime, the Archbishop of New York was invited to preach in the halls ofCongress; and the President, with his ministry, joined the funeralcortege of the Archbishop of Baltimore. These kindly acts were inmarked contrast to the proceedings of 1844. 9. The First Plenary Council of the Churchin the United States (1852).—This
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