. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography NWS Network data have been used for studies of radiation over the United States which include (1) average solar radiation distribution on normal and cloudless days (Fritz, 1949; Fritz and McDonald, 1949); (2) evaporation and snow melt (Hydrologic Research and Development Labora- tory, NWS); and (3) solar radiation absorption in the atmosphere (Hanson et al., 1967; Hanson, 1971). The NWS network data at a few tropical island stations have been used t
. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography NWS Network data have been used for studies of radiation over the United States which include (1) average solar radiation distribution on normal and cloudless days (Fritz, 1949; Fritz and McDonald, 1949); (2) evaporation and snow melt (Hydrologic Research and Development Labora- tory, NWS); and (3) solar radiation absorption in the atmosphere (Hanson et al., 1967; Hanson, 1971). The NWS network data at a few tropical island stations have been used to study the ocean heat transport and evaporation in tropical lati- tudes (sec. ). Two problems have caused significant errors to be introduced in NWS radiation network data. The first is calibration. There is a systematic difference of percent between the NWS standard pyranometer and the present IPS. In addition, in about 50 percent of the more than 1000 field instruments calibrated, an additional 7 percent error exists. Both errors cause measurements to be greater than the present IPS (Hanson et al., 1974). The second problem is degradation of field instruments in the net- work. The sensing surfaces of some pyranometers have degraded under strong sunlight and warm temperature, as shown in figure 7 (Case, 1973). This problem is found only with sensing surfaces coated with Parsons op- tical black paint, and the seriousness of the degradation varies from station to station. A loss in sensitivity of 15 to 20 percent has been found at some Yeor Figure 7. Transmittance of the atmosphere at Albuquerque, based on NWS pyranometer measurements. Decreasing transmittance values indicate the degradation of pyranometer sensitivity. A new sensor (No. 2621) was installed in August 1967 and was replaced in March 1970 with a new sensor (No. 2276) (after Case, 1973). 1286. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally en
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