. Transactions. ca refractory material, which permitshigher heats and shorter coking time than are employed in modern American oven will carbonize commercially more than20 tons of coal per day, and contrary to the European idea that slower ♦Consulting Engineer, Semet Solvay Co. WILLIAM HUTTON BLAUVELT 437 operation is necessary to conserve the plant, this rate of operation, withonly current repairs, can be maintained for an indefinite time. The by-product oven is not old enough in the United States to make it possibleto state from experience how long an oven can be operated at maxim
. Transactions. ca refractory material, which permitshigher heats and shorter coking time than are employed in modern American oven will carbonize commercially more than20 tons of coal per day, and contrary to the European idea that slower ♦Consulting Engineer, Semet Solvay Co. WILLIAM HUTTON BLAUVELT 437 operation is necessary to conserve the plant, this rate of operation, withonly current repairs, can be maintained for an indefinite time. The by-product oven is not old enough in the United States to make it possibleto state from experience how long an oven can be operated at maximumefficiency. There are a number of plants in different parts of the countrywhich were built 16 or 18 years ago, which are more efficient today thanin the first year of operation, and which show costs of operation thatcompete well with those of the most modern plants. The accompanying illustrations, Figs. 1 and 2, show the earliest andthe latest development of one of the prominent types of ovens in use in this. Fiq. 1. country. It is not the purpose of this paper to discuss mechanical detailsof oven development, and the illustrations show sufficiently well theprincipal changes in the design. The first ovens had a capacity forcarbonizing tons of coal per day, as compared with the present ca-pacity of over 20 tons mentioned above. The early ovens were economical in heat consumption because theheat in the waste gases was utilized efficiently in raising steam for theoperation of the plant. On account of the growing demand for oven gasfor metallurgical and other uses, the change to the regenerative type ofoven has been general. While this type of oven is not so economicalof the total heat produced by the combustion of the gas as is the combinedoven and boiler plant, it makes available for use half again as much ofthe surplus gas as did the older type of oven. Modern ovens requirefor carbonization of the coal less than 40 per cent, of the total heatin the gas produced. Descript
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectmineralindustries
