. Elwood's stories of the old Ringgold Cavalry, 1847-1865 [electronic resource]: the first three year cavalry of the Civil War : with introduction by the Rev. Ryland . ver. The fighting in the West and South-west during 1863 centered about two cities, Vicksburg onthe Mississippi, and Chattanooga on the upper first had to be captured before the Mississippi couldbe opened to commerce. The second was the post of vant-age for the invasion of the Gulf states, and was the objec-tive point of the army of Rosecrans. The expedition of General Grant against Vicksburg in1862, had ended
. Elwood's stories of the old Ringgold Cavalry, 1847-1865 [electronic resource]: the first three year cavalry of the Civil War : with introduction by the Rev. Ryland . ver. The fighting in the West and South-west during 1863 centered about two cities, Vicksburg onthe Mississippi, and Chattanooga on the upper first had to be captured before the Mississippi couldbe opened to commerce. The second was the post of vant-age for the invasion of the Gulf states, and was the objec-tive point of the army of Rosecrans. The expedition of General Grant against Vicksburg in1862, had ended in Shermans defeat. Early in 1863, asecond attempt also resulted in failure. For two monthsGrant tried to reach the city from the north and gave upin despair. Then he attempted and carried out a boldresolve. He cut loose from his base of supplies and march-ed down the west side of the river. He sent his gun-boatsand supply ships down the stream through a frightful WHY NOT AT GETTYSBURG 153 «torm of shot and shell from the batteries located on theheights. Then he crossed the river below the city on April 29,■and fought five battles with the Confederate forces. In. GEORGE S. GASS all of them he came out victorious. Finally he had Gen-eral Pemberton and his army shut up behind the fortifica-tions of Vicksburg and for six weeks the city was all this time the Union forces were shelling thecity night and day. Food became so scarce that the Con-federate troops had but one cracker and a small piece of 154 ELWOODS STORIES raw pork a day. The town was so knocked to pieces withshot and shell that the women and children were forced tolive in caves dug in the earth. The people of the city hadonly a few mouthfuls of food each day AVhen mulesteaks gave out. many had to choose between eating catsand rats or dying of starvation. The city could hold out no longer and surrendered onJuly 4th, the day after the battle of Gettysburg the Confederates marched out of the
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