. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. OPTIMAL CHEMORECEPTION 23 A. B. % Responding 40 20 0 20 40 ATP - AMP ADP+AMP ADO AMP sw ATP - ADP ADP - AMP .20 .40 f (R) FIGURE 7. A. Feeding and locomotory responses by lobsters to single adenylates and mixtures. Val- ues for adenylate energy charge appear (0-1 scale). B. Independent component indices for binary interac- tions between phosphoadenylates. Each chemical was presented at 10~2 M. Open bar (D), feeding; closed bar (•), walking. can. Benthic marine organisms lacking mobility are dep
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. OPTIMAL CHEMORECEPTION 23 A. B. % Responding 40 20 0 20 40 ATP - AMP ADP+AMP ADO AMP sw ATP - ADP ADP - AMP .20 .40 f (R) FIGURE 7. A. Feeding and locomotory responses by lobsters to single adenylates and mixtures. Val- ues for adenylate energy charge appear (0-1 scale). B. Independent component indices for binary interac- tions between phosphoadenylates. Each chemical was presented at 10~2 M. Open bar (D), feeding; closed bar (•), walking. can. Benthic marine organisms lacking mobility are dependent on food being brought to them by water currents, by lateral and vertical advections (Taghon et al, 1980), and by microbial regeneration within sediments (Levinton and Lopez 1977; Newell, 1979). By responding to ATP, Panulirus is similar to many of the haematophagous in- sects. Among Diptera, three species of culicine mosquitoes, the blackfly Simulium venustum (Smith and Friend, 1982), the tsetse fly Glossina austeni (Galun and Mar- galit, 1969), and the horsefly Tabanus nigrovittatus (Friend and Stoffolano, 1983) all require ATP or ADP as a phagostimulant. Responses by insects are thought to be adapted to the release of phosphoadenylates, particularly of ATP and ADP, associ- ated with recruitment of blood platelets to open wounds. Apparent sensitivity by Panulirus to adenylate energy charge [AEC -- (ATP + ADP)/(ATP + ADP + AMP)] could enable it to assess the total metabolic energy available to a prey (At- kinson, 1977). Chemical excitation of lobsters was ATP > ADP > AMP = adenosine, which is the pathway followed by phosphoadenylates in autolytic degradation of ani- mal flesh (Hiltz and Dyer, 1970). Dephosphorylation of ATP proceeds rapidly during cell death; also, stress related to disease, injury, and starvation elicit physiological defense responses (Selye, 1976) that increase metabolic activity and ATP use (Chap- man et al., 1971; Balch 1972; Walker-Simmo
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
