. European history : an outline of its development. and the Protestantreformation was just beginning. On the map of Europe the dominions of Charles V. seemedlike a reconstruction of the Roman Empire, but their realwas far less than their apparent strength. They werewidely separated from one another, and it was not easy tomaintain secure communication between them in time ofwar. Germany was sharply divided into two hostile partiesand constantly on the verge of civil war. The title of Em-peror was a great dignity, but Charles V. would have beenstronger against his enemies if he had possessed the
. European history : an outline of its development. and the Protestantreformation was just beginning. On the map of Europe the dominions of Charles V. seemedlike a reconstruction of the Roman Empire, but their realwas far less than their apparent strength. They werewidely separated from one another, and it was not easy tomaintain secure communication between them in time ofwar. Germany was sharply divided into two hostile partiesand constantly on the verge of civil war. The title of Em-peror was a great dignity, but Charles V. would have beenstronger against his enemies if he had possessed the terri-tories of Austria and left the Empire to some one he had Austria, indeed, brought against him one most § 287] Tlie Imperial Election and its Results 299 dangerous enemy; for the Turks, now for more than half acentury in possession of Constantinople, had already begunto push up the Danube valley, and the defence of centralEurope against their victorious advance must make its lastand most desperate stand around Vienna. On the other. The Emperor Charles V. hand, France held all its strength and resources closelyconcentrated in the hands of its king, and, in the actualcondition of things, she was an even match for the power ofCharles V., which seemed so much greater. 287. The Imperial Election and its Results. — On the Three rivalsdeath of Maximilian I., in 1519, the three young kings of ^*^*^England, Prance, and Spam were rivals for the election to crown. 300 Political Changes of the Age [§288 Johnson, Periods, ,Revolution,103-106;Hausser,Reformation,32-41; Jans-sen, GermanPeople, The dangerto France. More thantwo centuriesof rivalrybetweenFrance and•Austria. Francis I. inItaly, and theresults ,France, ;Zeller, XII. the imperial crown. The German princes did not fullytrust any one of them, and would have preferred to electone of their own number, Frederick the Wise of Saxony,the sovereign of Luther, but h
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