. The Canadian field-naturalist. . Figure 3. Bottlenose Dolphins pla\mg in a vessel's stem wake, in the eastern Tropical Pacific. Photo by K. Sexton, National Marine Fisheries Service. 1974; Leatherwood et al. 1982; they can also fre- quently be found body surfing in nearshore areas - , Caldwell and Fields 1959). Wlirsig and Wiirsig (1980) reported that although they recorded Bottlenose Dolphins within km of Dusky Dolphins {Lagenorhynchus obscurus) on eight occa- sions, no interactions were observed, and each species was more abundant when the other was absent. Associations with seabir
. The Canadian field-naturalist. . Figure 3. Bottlenose Dolphins pla\mg in a vessel's stem wake, in the eastern Tropical Pacific. Photo by K. Sexton, National Marine Fisheries Service. 1974; Leatherwood et al. 1982; they can also fre- quently be found body surfing in nearshore areas - , Caldwell and Fields 1959). Wlirsig and Wiirsig (1980) reported that although they recorded Bottlenose Dolphins within km of Dusky Dolphins {Lagenorhynchus obscurus) on eight occa- sions, no interactions were observed, and each species was more abundant when the other was absent. Associations with seabirds and pinnipeds also occur (Wlirsig and Wiirsig 1979; Evans 1980; Martin 1986; Au and Pitman 1988). In captivity. Brown and Norris (1956) observed interspecific mat- ing every day between male Bottlenose Dolphins and female Pacific White-sided Dolphins. Interspecific associations in captivity are not always so benign, however: they also noted a case where a male Bottlenose Dolphin killed a male Pacific White-sided Dolphin in captivity. Limiting Factors Throughout their range, Bottlenose Dolphins are strongly attracted by human activities (see , Abel and Leatherwood 1985). They exhibit great behavioural flexibility (Shane 1990); their ability to adapt to human disturbance, in areas with high levels of fishing activity and boat traffic, may be responsi- ble for frequent conflicts with humans. In some areas Bottlenose Dolphins have been shot as a nui- sance to fishermen (Leatherwood and Reeves 1983; Reynolds 1985). Mortality by collisions with vessel propellers, particularly in confined areas, has been recorded (Reynolds 1985). A net fishery for Bottlenose Dolphins was operated periodically for over 100 years off the coast of the , with catches in peak years of 2000 or more annually (Mead 1975). This fishery was discontinued in about 1929. In the Black Sea, a commercial fishery for oil and fishmeal depleted the Bottlenose Dolphin popu- lation severely by the mid-1960
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