. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . hode (negative pole) and anelectrotonusappears beneath the anode (positive pole). The irritating andstimulating effects of appearing catelectrotonus excite the nervesand muscles, and a contraction in the muscle or muscles results. APPLICATION OF DIRECT CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY 123 This occurs in both current direction—with weak and medium cur-rents—as before mentioned. When the direct current is opened, anelectrotonus disappearsfrom t
. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . hode (negative pole) and anelectrotonusappears beneath the anode (positive pole). The irritating andstimulating effects of appearing catelectrotonus excite the nervesand muscles, and a contraction in the muscle or muscles results. APPLICATION OF DIRECT CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY 123 This occurs in both current direction—with weak and medium cur-rents—as before mentioned. When the direct current is opened, anelectrotonus disappearsfrom the anode and catelectrotonus disappears from the cathode inthe polar zones. With weak currents the stimulating effect of thenegative peripolar zone about the anode is too weak to cause amuscular contraction. At the cathode the disappearance of catelec-trotonus is followed by the sedative influence of anelectrotonusin the peripolar zone and no contraction occurs. With medium currents there is a changed condition in the irrita-bility at the poles. Contraction follows the opening and closingof the current at both poles and in both directions of the Fig. 81.—Diagrammatic outline of the electric influence in the zones. It must be remembered that muscular contraction results onlyfrom negative stimulation, whether in the polar or peripolar contraction at the anode is the result of negative influencein the peripolar zone. Strong currents produce contractions on opening with the de-scending current and on closing with the ascending current. On closing with a descending strong current the sedative effectof anelectrotonus in the polar zone (on the muscle) is so great thatthe irritability of the muscle and nerve is completely lost, andcatelectrotonus in the peripolar region has no effect on the muscleand nerve; therefore no contraction occurs. On opening with strong descending currents, anelectrotonus inthe polar region disappears, and the strong negative inf
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