. The historians' history of the world; a comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages: . ese can be gained only suc-cessively and always in the order of age. Every passage from one grade toanother demands a new diploma (ron us). Arrived at the grade of SulejTnanieh,the ulemas pass in the order of age from the corps of muderris to that of Ottoman body of magistrates Ls divided into five orders distinct inrank, prerogatives, and attributes. To the first order belong the sadr-ritm orkadi-asker of Rumel
. The historians' history of the world; a comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages: . ese can be gained only suc-cessively and always in the order of age. Every passage from one grade toanother demands a new diploma (ron us). Arrived at the grade of SulejTnanieh,the ulemas pass in the order of age from the corps of muderris to that of Ottoman body of magistrates Ls divided into five orders distinct inrank, prerogatives, and attributes. To the first order belong the sadr-ritm orkadi-asker of Rumelia, the sadr-anatoH or kadi-asker of Anatolia, the istambol-kadissi or judge of Constantinople, the mollahs of Galata, Scutari, Eyub, the first two sultans there was only one kadi in the capital; he had noprerogative other than simple pre-eminence over the kadis of the II divided this office into two departments (1480). The two newofficials had the collective title Sadrcin, that is to say, two magistrates iparexcellence; the first had the jurisdiction in the European provinces, the secondexercised the same powers in the Asiatic A KaPUDJI B.*5HI THE PERIOD OF AGGRANDISEMENT 335 [1459-1481 ] In the seventeenth century, while the authority of the sadr-anatoli becamemore and more restricted, even to the point of iDeing annihilated, the juris-diction of the sadr-rum reached a high degree of importance. The sadr-rumhas a general acquaintance with all legal cases. It is to him that the grandvizir refers almost all civil and criminal affairs which have been cursorilyexamined by the divan. He has the power to summon before his tribunal allcases still pending in the other tribunals of the capital. It is his right after thedecease of any citizens of higher condition, whether Mohammedan or not, toplace seals upon their goods. His most eminent prerogative is that of decidingon all suits concerning state property, state claims, and the treasury. T
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