. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. m\ .tlHit^^A.^^ )it^r:*'->l .s. i.^*.:isfe.:. ..,.-iM. l^. \.:^.f ^.'.v:'iM'!«"l mm^Kmkiimm mmi^irm fi ^ Fig. 27. OIL PIPE LINE AS A FIRE AND SUBDIVISION LINE A base from which to fight fires. An excellent subdivision \ .;.â f Fig. 28. COMPARTMENT LINE IN A YOUNG CHESTNUT FOREST. Such lines afford a base for controlling fires, and make the forest accessible. 25 favor other species with a good prospective value. These latter may have been overtopped by the undesirable ones. Liberation Cuttings are op
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. m\ .tlHit^^A.^^ )it^r:*'->l .s. i.^*.:isfe.:. ..,.-iM. l^. \.:^.f ^.'.v:'iM'!«"l mm^Kmkiimm mmi^irm fi ^ Fig. 27. OIL PIPE LINE AS A FIRE AND SUBDIVISION LINE A base from which to fight fires. An excellent subdivision \ .;.â f Fig. 28. COMPARTMENT LINE IN A YOUNG CHESTNUT FOREST. Such lines afford a base for controlling fires, and make the forest accessible. 25 favor other species with a good prospective value. These latter may have been overtopped by the undesirable ones. Liberation Cuttings are operations in immature stands in which the main crop of trees is overtopped by scattered older trees with very wide-spreading crowns. These older trees with present but little prospective value retard the development of a great number of younger trees with good prospective value. The removal of the larger trees is known as a Liberation Cutting. Thinnings are cutting operations in immature stands for the pur- pose of accelerating the growth of individual trees and, as a con- sequence, increasing the total yield and improving the quality of the product. Thinnings result not only in a larger quantity and quality increment but aim to improve the appearance and health of the forest. * They decrease the danger from fire since a large amount of inflam- mable debris is removed. If thinnings are conducted properly the remaining trees are usually more windfirm. Thinnings also enable one to get returns upon a forest investment without waiting until the crop is finally harvested. Today, under our crude method of regu- lating the returns from our forests, the thinnings or intermediate yield play a minor role, while the final yield comprises practically the total yield; but as our methods are developed and perfected, the intermediate yields will comprise as in the intensively managed for- ests of Germany, 25%, and later, 50% of the total yield. All forest owners should aim to improve their
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectforests, bookyear1901
