Elementary botany . Fig. 233-Agaricus campestris. Longitudinal section through stem and pileus. a, pileus; 6, portionpf veil on margin of pileus ; c, gill; /, fragment of annulus ; e, stipe. FUNGI: MUSHROOMS. 201 shorter ones. Around the stem a little below the gills is a collar,termed the ring or annulus. 421. Fruiting surface of the mushroom.—The surface ofthese gills is the fruiting surface of the mushroom, and bears thegonidia of the mushroom, which are dark purplish brown whenmature, and thus the gills when old are dark in color. If we makea thin section across a few of the gills, we see
Elementary botany . Fig. 233-Agaricus campestris. Longitudinal section through stem and pileus. a, pileus; 6, portionpf veil on margin of pileus ; c, gill; /, fragment of annulus ; e, stipe. FUNGI: MUSHROOMS. 201 shorter ones. Around the stem a little below the gills is a collar,termed the ring or annulus. 421. Fruiting surface of the mushroom.—The surface ofthese gills is the fruiting surface of the mushroom, and bears thegonidia of the mushroom, which are dark purplish brown whenmature, and thus the gills when old are dark in color. If we makea thin section across a few of the gills, we see that each side ofthe gill is covered with closely crowded club-shaped bodies, eachone of which is a basidium. In fig. 234 a few of these are en-larged, so that thestructure of the gillcan be seen. Eachbasidium of the com-mon mushroom has. Fig. of section of lamella of Agaricus , trama; sh, subhymenium; />, basidium; st, sttrigma(//. sterigmata); g; basidiospore. Fig. of liymenium of Co-prinus micaceus, showing largecystidium in the liymenium. two spinous processes at the free end. Each one is a slerig?na(plural slerigmala), and bears a gonidium. In a majority of themembers of the mushroom family each basidium bears fourspores. When mature these spores easily fall away, and a massof them gives a purplish-black color to objects on which they fall,so that a print of the under surface of the cap showing thearrangement of the gills can be obtained by cutting off the stem,and placing the pileus on white paper for a time. 422. How the mushroom is formed.—The mycelium of the 202 MORPHOLOGY.
Size: 1926px × 1297px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookauthoratk, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectbotany
