Diseases of deciduous forest trees Diseases of deciduous forest trees diseasesofdecidu149vons Year: 1909 MISCELLANEOUS PARASITIC AXD SAPROPHYTIC ORGANISMS: 17 is known as a '•witches' broom.*' (See fig. 2.) During the course of the development of these witches' brooms the sap becomes diverted more and more completely from the outer end of the affected branch to the broom, and finally that part of the branch located beyond the base of the parasite dies. These witches' brooms vary much in size, being from only a few inches in diameter to as much as several feet in diameter and in height. The d
Diseases of deciduous forest trees Diseases of deciduous forest trees diseasesofdecidu149vons Year: 1909 MISCELLANEOUS PARASITIC AXD SAPROPHYTIC ORGANISMS: 17 is known as a '•witches' broom.*' (See fig. 2.) During the course of the development of these witches' brooms the sap becomes diverted more and more completely from the outer end of the affected branch to the broom, and finally that part of the branch located beyond the base of the parasite dies. These witches' brooms vary much in size, being from only a few inches in diameter to as much as several feet in diameter and in height. The distribution of the seeds is such that a tree once infected is almost sure to become more affected as time goes on, so that in extreme cases there seems to be little doubt that large trees may be entirely killed by the effects of this plant. The senior writer (77) has referred to the apparent destructive action of this plant. It is evident that the most practical method of eradicat- ing this parasite is by cutting all of the af- fected treesandburn- ingtheinfectedparts. It is believed that a number of epi- phytic plants some- times bring about a diseased condition of deciduous trees by smothering the younger leaves and branches. (See fig. 3.) The southern moss (Titlandsia usneoides L.) is be- lieved by many to cause the death of leaves and branches of the live oak (Quercus virginiana Mill.), red gum (Liquidambar styraci- flua L.), and other deciduous trees. The dense masses of this plant frequently cover the growing parts of the tree and deprive them of air and light. Another species, TiMandsia recurvata L., has recently been reported as killing the live oak (Qui reus virginiana Mill.) and pecan (Hicoria pecan (Marsh.) Britton) in southern Texas. In the Northern States mosses and lichens frequently grow in such profusion that injurious results follow. This is par- 149 Fig. 3. -Spanish moss on beari large oak tree. Xote that the branches the moss are dead.
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