. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN 1218, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. companies in Nevada, in a communication to Director Doten, stated that the flies were so numerous that they prevented the cattle from putting on flesh as they should,'and that at times it seemed as though his company was more engaged in feeding flies than in feeding live- stock. He stated that during the haying season flies swarmed over the horses, causing frequent runaways and serious accidents. Mr. demons believed, too, that the flies were active agents in spreading ant
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN 1218, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. companies in Nevada, in a communication to Director Doten, stated that the flies were so numerous that they prevented the cattle from putting on flesh as they should,'and that at times it seemed as though his company was more engaged in feeding flies than in feeding live- stock. He stated that during the haying season flies swarmed over the horses, causing frequent runaways and serious accidents. Mr. demons believed, too, that the flies were active agents in spreading anthrax. In 1915 F. C. Bishopp, directing the investigations of insects af- fecting the health of animals, Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, made a preliminary investigation of tabanid conditions in Nevada. In Antelope Valley, on one of the ranches visited, many cattle were dying, presumably from anthrax, and there was good evi- dence that blood-sucking flies had much to do with the transmission of the disease. Mr. Bishopp found tabanids to be se- rious pests to livestock at Deeth, Nev., and at other localities where there is considerable swampy land. In August, 1916, plans were completed with the Nevada Experiment Sta- tion for a cooperative project on an investiga- tion of tabanid conditions. The senior author was chosen to conduct the studies in the field. Sev- eral localities were con- sidered for field and labo- ratory studies. None seemed so well adapted as a large ranch occupying practically the entire An- telope Valley, lying partly in California and partly in Nevada, with headquarters at Topaz, Calif. The officials of the company, with major headquarters in Reno, Nev., were Very anxious for the investigation. W. W. Cunningham, local manager, offered much in the way of convenience and assistance in the work. Several species of Tabanidae were very abundant in the valley and breeding conditions were apparently ideal. The extent of the investigati
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