. Manual of operative surgery. Fig. 426.—Diagram showing thenormal subpleural areolar tissue betweenthe pleural reflexion and the diaphragm.{Chevrier^ La Pr. Med., Jan. 9, 1919.) Fig. 427.—Diagram showing elevationof the pleural cul-de-sac due to (a) oedemaand infiltration of the subpleural areolartissue and (b) thickening of the pleuraby false membranes. {Chevrier, La , Jan. 9, 1919.) beginning at this landmark divide the periosteum of the rib. Excise a segmentof rib. Incise the pleura. With the finger plug the opening so as to regulate BERARD S OPERATION 305 the escape of pus and so p


. Manual of operative surgery. Fig. 426.—Diagram showing thenormal subpleural areolar tissue betweenthe pleural reflexion and the diaphragm.{Chevrier^ La Pr. Med., Jan. 9, 1919.) Fig. 427.—Diagram showing elevationof the pleural cul-de-sac due to (a) oedemaand infiltration of the subpleural areolartissue and (b) thickening of the pleuraby false membranes. {Chevrier, La , Jan. 9, 1919.) beginning at this landmark divide the periosteum of the rib. Excise a segmentof rib. Incise the pleura. With the finger plug the opening so as to regulate BERARD S OPERATION 305 the escape of pus and so prevent coughing and other rellexes due to too rapidevacuation. As pus ceases to flow turn the patient gradually on to his backuntil evacuation is complete when he is to be returned to the lateral decubitus. Step 3.—Explore the pleura with the finger and find the low point. Guidedby the finger inside the chest, open the thorax at this point and if necessaryexcise a segment of rib. Through this second opening introduce two


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