. Official proceedings . mmercial introduction of the \\cstinghouse-Leblanc con-denser, which, by the introduction of a rotary vacuum the driving of the condenser circulating and air pumpsby direct connection to a small turbine unit, as illustrated inFig. 23. The application of the small turbine to the field of cen-trifugal pumps is rapidly replacing the reciprocating engine,the advantages of the turbine being due to the fact that for lowlift pumps and high-pressure pumps the speed for the bestdesign is bevond that suitable for direct connection to areciprocating engine. Fig. 24 i
. Official proceedings . mmercial introduction of the \\cstinghouse-Leblanc con-denser, which, by the introduction of a rotary vacuum the driving of the condenser circulating and air pumpsby direct connection to a small turbine unit, as illustrated inFig. 23. The application of the small turbine to the field of cen-trifugal pumps is rapidly replacing the reciprocating engine,the advantages of the turbine being due to the fact that for lowlift pumps and high-pressure pumps the speed for the bestdesign is bevond that suitable for direct connection to areciprocating engine. Fig. 24 is an application of the smallturbine to a centrifugal circulating and Leblanc air pump forsurface condensers. Fig. 2=^ illustrates a l)oiler feed centrifugalpump direct connected to a small A\estinghouse the small turbine is admirably adapted to the drivingof centrifugal blowers. As auxiliarv apparatus for large power stations, or inplaces where it is important to reduce attendance to a minimum Fis. .\ir and ; Pump Init for 2000 Square Feet SurfaceCondenser, for Louisville & Xasliville Railway Company. 102 and where reliability is essential, the small direct-current turbo-j^enerator unit is now generally accepted in place of the recipro-cating engine, direct-connected or l)elt-driven apparatus, prin-cipally on account of its reduced size and cost, and the manyadvantages incident to rotary apparatus. Fig. 26 representsseveral sizes of these machines, from i kilowatt up. as manu-factured by The Westinghousc Machine Company, both in direct—and alternating—current sets. Application to Marine Service. The application of the turbine to marine propulsion is per-haps the broadest single field for the utilization of maximumhorsepower output. Until within the last few years this fieldwas limited to approximately 5 per cent of the total merchantmarine vessels, on account of the difficulty of correlating thehigh speed of the turbine and the rel
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