A dictionary of Greek and Roman . ut a saddle-tree,or frame of wood, which, after being filled with astuffing of wool or cloth, was covered with softermaterials, and fastened by means of a girth (cingu-lum, zona) upon the back of the animal. Theancient saddles appear, indeed, to have been thusfar different from ours, that the cover stretchedupon the hard frame was probably of stuffed orpadded cloth rather than leather, and that thesaddle was, as it were, a cushion fitted to thehorses back. Pendent cloths (crrpa>, strata)were always attached to it so as to cover the sides
A dictionary of Greek and Roman . ut a saddle-tree,or frame of wood, which, after being filled with astuffing of wool or cloth, was covered with softermaterials, and fastened by means of a girth (cingu-lum, zona) upon the back of the animal. Theancient saddles appear, indeed, to have been thusfar different from ours, that the cover stretchedupon the hard frame was probably of stuffed orpadded cloth rather than leather, and that thesaddle was, as it were, a cushion fitted to thehorses back. Pendent cloths (crrpa>, strata)were always attached to it so as to cover the sidesof the animal; but it was not provided with stir-rups. As a substitute for the use of stirrups thehorses, more particularly in Spain, were taught tokneel at the word of command, when their riderswished to mount them. See the preceding figurefrom an antique lamp found at Herculaneum, andcompare Strabo, iii. 1. p. 436, ed. Sieb.; and SiliusItalicus, x. 465. The saddle with the pendent cloths is also ex-hibited in the annexed coin of Q. The term Ephippium was in later times inpart supplanted by the word sella, and the morespecific expression sella equestris. [J. Y.] EPHORI (Ecpopoi). Magistrates called Ephorior Overseers were common to many Dorianconstitutions in times of remote antiquity. Cyreneand the mother state of Thera may be mentionedas examples: the latter colonized from Laconia inearly ages, and where, as we are told, the ephorswere iirwvv/JLOi, i. e. gave their name to their yearof office. (Heracl. Pont. 4.) The ephoralty atSparta is classed by Herodotus (i. 65) among theinstitutions of Lycurgus. Since, however, theephori are not mentioned in the oracle which con-tains a general outline of the constitution ascribedto him (Plut. Lycurg. 6), we may infer that nonew powers were given to them by that legislator,or in the age of which he may be considered therepresentative. Another account refers the insti-tution of the Spartan ephoralty to Theopompus(b. c. 770—7
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Keywords: ., bookauthorsmithwilliam18131893, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840
