. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Horses; Veterinary anatomy. 156 THE BONES. Fig. 108. POSTERIOR LTMB OF THE HORSE (ANTERO- EXTERNAL VIEW). C, Coxa ; F, femur; J, tibia ; S, tarsus; m, meta- tarsus; P, phalanges; S, sesamoid. 1, Ischium ; 1', pubis; 2, head of the femur; 3, troehanter major ; 4, trochanter minor ; 5, condyle of the femur ; 6, patella; 7, fibula ; tibial ridge; 9, calcis. a brief analysis of the analogies ex- isting between them. At the end of the last century, Winslow and Vicq-d'Azyr, and nearer our own time, Cuvier, Flourens, Paul Gervais, Martins, Gegenb
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Horses; Veterinary anatomy. 156 THE BONES. Fig. 108. POSTERIOR LTMB OF THE HORSE (ANTERO- EXTERNAL VIEW). C, Coxa ; F, femur; J, tibia ; S, tarsus; m, meta- tarsus; P, phalanges; S, sesamoid. 1, Ischium ; 1', pubis; 2, head of the femur; 3, troehanter major ; 4, trochanter minor ; 5, condyle of the femur ; 6, patella; 7, fibula ; tibial ridge; 9, calcis. a brief analysis of the analogies ex- isting between them. At the end of the last century, Winslow and Vicq-d'Azyr, and nearer our own time, Cuvier, Flourens, Paul Gervais, Martins, Gegenbauer, Lavocat, Foltz, and Sabatier, have occupied themselves with the homo- logy of the anterior and the posterior members. All these anatomists did not absolutely arrive at the same conclusion ; for several of them, for- getting that the question should be examined in the whole animal series, made Man alone the subject of their studies, Yicq-d'Azyr and Cuvier recom- mended that the anterior and pos- terior limbs of opposite sides should be compared. Martins and Gegen- bauer, allowing a torsion of the humerus of 180°, advised that the two members of the same side should be compared, care being taken to make allowance for the untwisting of the 180° contortion at the lower end of the humerus. Lastly, Flourens and Lavocat contrasted the two members of the same pair with each other, after placing the hand in a position of natural pronation by rotation of the radius on the ulna, and without turning either limb or bone, or even a portion of a bone, no matter what kind of animal may be under examination. We will adopt the latter proceeding, as it is the simplest and most natural. Parallel between the coxa and scapula.—The analogies existing be- tween these two bones are but little striking at first sight; nevertheless, with attention there is no difficulty in finding in the coxa the three pieces that enter into the composition of the shoulder (Figs. 107, 108). The ilium represents
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