A treatise on the practice of medicine, for the use of students and practitioners . enly, pronounced, even formidable,symptoms are at once produced. Perforation may be announced bya condition almost of collapse, a temperature of 97° Fahr., and a small,weak, but very rapid pulse. If the temperature does not descend solow, the pulse is weak and rapid, and the respirations are hurried—theformer reaching so high as 140, the latter up to 40, even 60. At thesame time dyspnoea sets in with orthopnoea, and a severe pain, dueeither to sudden stretching of the pleura or tearing apart of oth
A treatise on the practice of medicine, for the use of students and practitioners . enly, pronounced, even formidable,symptoms are at once produced. Perforation may be announced bya condition almost of collapse, a temperature of 97° Fahr., and a small,weak, but very rapid pulse. If the temperature does not descend solow, the pulse is weak and rapid, and the respirations are hurried—theformer reaching so high as 140, the latter up to 40, even 60. At thesame time dyspnoea sets in with orthopnoea, and a severe pain, dueeither to sudden stretching of the pleura or tearing apart of other cases, for example phthisical subjects, none of these severesymptoms are produced, probably because narrowing of the respiratoryfield has been going on so long as to prepare them for this additionaldiscomfort. The decubitus varies, the largest number seeking a posi-tion on the diseased side to permit the freest possible play of thehealthy lung ; but a considerable proportion lie upon either side, al-though, when air first entered the cavity, orthopnoea was experienced by M. Fig. 23.—Hydropneumothorax. most of the cases. The dyspnoea is due to several causes—to suddencompression of the lungs and the heart, and to a compensatory conges-tion, often with oedema of the other lung, whence the expiratory forceis lessened and the voice weak and trembling. Cyanosis appears if PNEUMOTHORAX. 341 there is much difficulty of breathing, the surface becomes cold andcovered with a cold sweat, the tongue is blue and cold, and death sooncloses the scene ; or, if life continues, general oedema supervenes fromthe venous stasis, while the arterial tension is low from ischsemia of thearteries. The lessening of the expiratory force makes the cough weakand ineffectual, and the expectoration diminishes. The low state ofthe arterial tension affects the urinary secretion, which is dense andred, with traces of albumen. The vocal fremitus may be present, di-minished, or absent, in pneumothorax—
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectmedicine, bookyear188
