. Zoology : for students and general readers . Zoology. 626 zooLoar. and, iis Wyman has observed, it is not impossible that it miglit sometimes continue to exist after birtli. The black and Australian races are slightly nearer the apes than civil- ized peoples. In apes, as in the lower mammals, the pelvis ]S higher than wide ; when there is a degradation in the hu- man pelvis it tends to become higher than wide, as seen in tlie pelvis of the Hottentots. In civilized man the legs are one half the height of the body, but in the South African, Hottentot, and Bushmen the legs are a little less tha
. Zoology : for students and general readers . Zoology. 626 zooLoar. and, iis Wyman has observed, it is not impossible that it miglit sometimes continue to exist after birtli. The black and Australian races are slightly nearer the apes than civil- ized peoples. In apes, as in the lower mammals, the pelvis ]S higher than wide ; when there is a degradation in the hu- man pelvis it tends to become higher than wide, as seen in tlie pelvis of the Hottentots. In civilized man the legs are one half the height of the body, but in the South African, Hottentot, and Bushmen the legs are a little less than half the height, and the thigh bone is flattened from side to side, as in the gorilla. The waist is broader in the African than in the European ; the os calcis is not longer in negroes than in the white man, the larger heel of the former being simply due to an expansion of the soft parts. The form of the skull va- ries greatly in the different races, and even in individ- uals of the same race of mankind. This is seen in the difference of facial angle. This is obtained by drawing a line from the of the nostrils, and inter- file most prominent parts the ang-le they make is. Fig. 538.—Skull of a Negro, shomng Its progBathism.—After Owen. occipital condyle along the floor secting it by a second, touching of the forehead and upper jaw ; an index of the cranial capacity, and of the degree of in- telligence of the individual. The facial angle in the reptiles is very slight, as it is in the birds ; in the dog it is 20°, in the gorilla 40°, in the Australian 85°, in the civilized Caucasian it averages 95°, while the Greek sculptors adopted an ideal angle of 100°. (Owen.*) When the lower part of the face protrudes, as in the negro, the face is said to he prognaiJwus (Fig. 538) ; where the facial angle is high, and the face straight, as in the more intellectual forms, the cranium is * Pagensteclier states that the facial angle in the Caucasian Euro- pean is 80°-85% and ev
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectzoology, bookyear1879
