. Nippur; or, Explorations and adventures on the Euphrates : the narrative of the University of Pennsylvania expedition to Babylonia in the years 1888-1890 . er the ledge on the east side, with a fall of about twofeet, in a broken foam. On the west side, one of thearches of the bridge being broken, a steamer can besteered through with due care. A wall extending acrossfrom the upper part of the island to the western shorealso crosses the passage, but, being broken down near theisland, it has a narrow pass from thirty to forty feet gate is surmounted by a parapet which advancesfrom the
. Nippur; or, Explorations and adventures on the Euphrates : the narrative of the University of Pennsylvania expedition to Babylonia in the years 1888-1890 . er the ledge on the east side, with a fall of about twofeet, in a broken foam. On the west side, one of thearches of the bridge being broken, a steamer can besteered through with due care. A wall extending acrossfrom the upper part of the island to the western shorealso crosses the passage, but, being broken down near theisland, it has a narrow pass from thirty to forty feet gate is surmounted by a parapet which advancesfrom the island just above it, and turns the water at anangle into the main stream. On the hills beyond thetown were two small Arabian castles, called Abd Allahand Zahun; and another of a similar character, calledAbu-n-diyah, defended the further extremity of thecliffs on the Mesopotamian side. There has been a considerable change in the appear-ance of these ruins since that description was bridge and the wall have both vanished almost en-tirely. The forts mentioned by Ainsworth seem to havevanished also. There are, in fact, few visible remains of. DEIR TO AXAI/. 149 the past in Anah, in spite of its great antiquity. Thehouses are built of field-stones set in mud. When ahouse becomes ruinous, it is deserted; the inhabitantsbuilding a new house, and leaving the old one to fall intoruins. The consequence is that at least half of thehouses which one sees are unoccupied and in variousstages of decay. Each house has about it a garden ofpalms, pomegranates, figs, and the like, and underneaththe palm-trees they cultivate wheat or some other gardens are surrounded by walls of mud and field-stones. Water-wheels for irrigation are very numerous;and while many of these are ancient ruins, there aresufficient in use at the present time to water every water is carried from the wheels by raised aqueducts;and these, crossing the single street at an elevation of threeor
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