A history of the United States for schools . would be a judge —David Davis, of Illinois — who was known to be veryindependent of party. But it happened that Davis re-signed, and the fifteenth place fell to a Republican every disputed case was referred to a tribunal con-sisting of eight Republicans and seven Democrats; andevery such case was decided by a strict party vote ofeight to seven. Thus it appeared that Hayes had 185votes, and was elected. The final result was not de-clared until March 2, only two days before PresidentGrants term expired. I^a\?e60 ^Dnunistratton. Republican:
A history of the United States for schools . would be a judge —David Davis, of Illinois — who was known to be veryindependent of party. But it happened that Davis re-signed, and the fifteenth place fell to a Republican every disputed case was referred to a tribunal con-sisting of eight Republicans and seven Democrats; andevery such case was decided by a strict party vote ofeight to seven. Thus it appeared that Hayes had 185votes, and was elected. The final result was not de-clared until March 2, only two days before PresidentGrants term expired. I^a\?e60 ^Dnunistratton. Republican: iSjy-lSSl. 165. Important Measures of Finance. One of the first acts of President Hayes was to withdraw all Fed-eral troops from theSouth, whereupon the lastcarpet-bag governmentsimmediately fell. The ad-ministration of PresidentHayes was eminentlyrespectable. The chiefevents of the administra-tion were two : (i) In1878, the Republican Sen-ate and Democratic Houseagreed in passing theBland Silver Bill, provid- rutherford birchard 454 THE FEDERAL UNION. Ch. XVI. ing for the coinage of a silver dollar of 412| grains,^ . making it a legal tender for debts, and order- Specie pay- . ments re- ing such dollars to be coined at a rate not lessthan two millions, nor more than four millions,each month. This act was vetoed by President Hayes,and Congress, by a two thirds vote, passed it over theveto. (2) In 1879, the government, after an interval ofseventeen years, resumed specie payments ; gold sold atpar, and coin came back into circulation. In 1877, public attention was called more forciblythan ever before to contests between workmen and theirstrikes and employers. Certain railroad companies, suff er-boycotts. ing from the long business depression since1873, lowered the wages of their men. Consequentlythe men stntck, or refused to work. Furthermore, someof the strikers tried to prevent their employers fromhiring other men in their places, and to this end theythreatened and
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