. Control of scale insects and mealybugs on ornamentals. Scale insects; Pseudococcus. Fig. 3a. Immature Pulvinaria scales on azalea. Fig. 3b. Adult Pulvinaria scales. Cottony Taxus Scale, Pulvinaria floccitera (W.) Several species of Pulvinaria scales infest ornamental shrubs and shade trees in Connecticut. Some of the hosts are taxus, dogwood, maple, holly, hydrangea, orchids, ferns, grape, and camellia. This group of scale insects is characterized by the accumulation of a whitish cottony ovisac produced by the females of the 24 or more species listed from the western hemisphere (Steinweden 1
. Control of scale insects and mealybugs on ornamentals. Scale insects; Pseudococcus. Fig. 3a. Immature Pulvinaria scales on azalea. Fig. 3b. Adult Pulvinaria scales. Cottony Taxus Scale, Pulvinaria floccitera (W.) Several species of Pulvinaria scales infest ornamental shrubs and shade trees in Connecticut. Some of the hosts are taxus, dogwood, maple, holly, hydrangea, orchids, ferns, grape, and camellia. This group of scale insects is characterized by the accumulation of a whitish cottony ovisac produced by the females of the 24 or more species listed from the western hemisphere (Steinweden 1946). Six of the species, at the most, are native to the United States. Superficially the immature scales resemble those of the Lecanium genus, however, the presence of a cottony ovisac in the fully mature females is the most obvious character distinguishing Pulvinaria. The size of the female ovisac and the location of the female on a plant is influenced by the host. Biology. The cottony taxus scale (Steinweden 1946) is a relative newcomer to Connecticut. It is reported as a tropical insect and green- house pest of camellia, abutilon, and acalyha. It was first reported in Connecticut in 1953 as a pest of several varieties of taxus of both the erect-growing and spreading forms. It may have been in the State for a long while, but did not attack taxus until recently. The species passes the winter in the nymphal stage. The immature female scale is a small, light brownish, flattened hemispherical scale and y8 inch long and is in some respects not unlike overwintering Lecanium scales. Feeding is resumed in the spring. The female scale matures rapidly, producing a long, flat, narrow, fluted, white, cottony- cushion egg mass extending back of the female about three to four times her length. Males appear in May and have two white wings. Fe- males drop off the plants as soon as they have laid their eggs in early June (McDaniel 1931). Eggs hatch during the latter part of June and early Ju
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