. Journal. eil lor adopts.—W. D. B. Improvements in Caps or Apparatus for ExplodingDynamite and other Explosives. J. Paulus, Pat. 4853, April 20, 1S85. THE object of these improvements is to direct the forceof explosion in the direction of the longitudinal axis ofthe explosive mass in which the detonator is general principle is to weaken or otherwise manipu-late the bottom of the copper shell, so that the resistanceopposed to the force of explosion of the detonating com-position is less here than at other points of the inventor describes a variety of plans in


. Journal. eil lor adopts.—W. D. B. Improvements in Caps or Apparatus for ExplodingDynamite and other Explosives. J. Paulus, Pat. 4853, April 20, 1S85. THE object of these improvements is to direct the forceof explosion in the direction of the longitudinal axis ofthe explosive mass in which the detonator is general principle is to weaken or otherwise manipu-late the bottom of the copper shell, so that the resistanceopposed to the force of explosion of the detonating com-position is less here than at other points of the inventor describes a variety of plans in detail,whereby he is enabled to apply this general principle, - W. 1). B. XXII.—GENERAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. An Electrical Centrifugal Machine for Laboratories,Alexander Watt. Paper read before Section B, British Association, Aberdeen Meeting. THE late Dr. Mohr (Lehrb. d. Chem. Analyt. Titrir-metliode, 3rd Ed., 1S70, p. 6S4) of Bonn, advocated theuse of a centrifugal machine as a means of rapidly dry-. care is taken that the large central orifices in thediscs shall be in the centre or axis of the cartridge,and in line with the axial vent of the gun.—W. D. B. Improvements in the Manufacture of Gunpowder. J. , Cologne. Eng. Pat. 16,314, December11, 1884. Straw is carbonised until it attains a brown chocolatecoloured appearance, and the carbonaceous substanceobtained is cooled, pulverised, and mixed with potassiumnitrate and sulphur, in the proportion of eighteen pelcent, of the brown carbonaceous substance, seventjnine per cent, of potassium nitrate, and three per sulphur.—W. D. B. Improvements in the Construction of Rockets. J. Whitley,Leeds. Eng. lat. 3429, March 17, 1S85. THE object of this invention is to provide a meanswhereby oil may be thrown upon the surface of the sea ing crystals and crystalline precipitates, but althoughthey are admirably adapted for that purpose, centrifugalmachines are seldom seen in our chemical laboratories. The neglect


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectchemist, bookyear1882