. The birds of Essex: a contribution to the natural history of the country. Birds. recently been shot on Handford Water (Keny). On Oct. 7th, 1881, three were "seen near Levington Creek on the Orwell, two of which were shot, and the third obtained near Harwich on the following day" (J. H. H. Knights — 40. vi. 151). Mr. Ambrose has preserved speci- mens from Mersea, Harwich, Tollesbury, &c. Mr. Hope, who has an immature male killed on the Main on Nov. 2nd, 1882, and a young female killed on Handford Water on Nov. 6th, i838, says that on our coasts it is "common in heavy weathe
. The birds of Essex: a contribution to the natural history of the country. Birds. recently been shot on Handford Water (Keny). On Oct. 7th, 1881, three were "seen near Levington Creek on the Orwell, two of which were shot, and the third obtained near Harwich on the following day" (J. H. H. Knights — 40. vi. 151). Mr. Ambrose has preserved speci- mens from Mersea, Harwich, Tollesbury, &c. Mr. Hope, who has an immature male killed on the Main on Nov. 2nd, 1882, and a young female killed on Handford Water on Nov. 6th, i838, says that on our coasts it is "common in heavy ; In the winter of 1887-88, Mr. Fitch saw several, killed in the Blackwater, and Mr. Spalding noticed others on the poulter- er's stalls at Colchester. Mr. Pettitt preserved a young male, killed at Brightlingsea on Jan. 3rd, 1890. Common Scoter: CEdemia nigra, ^.ocally, " Black ; A common winter visitor to the seas off the Essex Coast; it haS occurred very rarely inland. It breeds in the north of Scotland. Dale, in 1730, says (2. 405) : " It was sent to Braintree some years past from Tendring ; To Harwich, in 1851, Lindsey says (27. App. 65) it was a winter visitor only, and " during that sea- son is to be seen in great numbers on our ; It is now " common" there in the winter (Kerry). In the Audley End Collection is a specimen killed at Debden on Apr. 3rd, 1849. Yarrell says (37. iv. p. 473): " At times the waters between the Eastern counties and Holland are black with them," and a friend saw large flocks swimming in deep water off the Maplin Sands in Oct., 1888. Mr. Hope ob- serves that it is " common on all our ; He adds that " some birds stop all the year ; Mr. Robert Page has a female, taken in his Marsh House Decoy, at Tillingham. Mr. Fitch writes: " Immense gatherings are to be seen all winter on the Foulness or Maplin Sands. The Black Ducks alwaj's congregat
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