. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Contribution from the Bureau of Soils MILTON WHITNEY, Chief. Jfc&**&*fU Washington, D. C. November 5, 1915 PHOSPHATE ROCK AND METHODS PROPOSED FOR ITS UTILIZATION AS A FERTILIZER. By William H. Waggaman and William H. Fry. CONTENTS. Introduction 1 Phosphate deposits of the United States 3 Forms in which phosphoric acid is applied to soils 8 Processes for treating phosphate rock in the manufacture of phosphoric acid and phos- phatic fertilizers 8 Processes for the production of phosphoric acid or soluble phospha
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Contribution from the Bureau of Soils MILTON WHITNEY, Chief. Jfc&**&*fU Washington, D. C. November 5, 1915 PHOSPHATE ROCK AND METHODS PROPOSED FOR ITS UTILIZATION AS A FERTILIZER. By William H. Waggaman and William H. Fry. CONTENTS. Introduction 1 Phosphate deposits of the United States 3 Forms in which phosphoric acid is applied to soils 8 Processes for treating phosphate rock in the manufacture of phosphoric acid and phos- phatic fertilizers 8 Processes for the production of phosphoric acid or soluble phosphates by combined heating and acid treatment 12 Double decomposition by means of an alkali, an alkali salt, or alkaline earth 12 Processes to be used in connection with the iron and steel industries 14 Page. Processes in which the phosphorus or phos- phoric acid is volatilized 15 Processes dealing with the production of two or more fertilizer elements 17 Processes dealing with the production of avail- able phosphates by electrolysis 18 Processes for the enrichment of 19 Mechanical treatment of phosphates 20 Miscellaneous processes for the production of available phosphates 20 Appendix: Classified tabular list of patented processes 21 INTRODUCTION. The basis of nearly all mixed fertilizers is water-soluble or so-called "available" phosphoric acid, which is produced by submitting bones, a mineral phosphate (apatite or phosphorite), or some other phos- phate-bearing substance to a treatment by which the constitution of the original body is materially changed. Our supply of bones is entirely inadequate to meet the present demands of the fertilizer industry, while apatite has proved objection- able because of the difficulty and expense of mining the mineral and on account of the quantity of fluorine which it contains. By far the greater part of the phosphate fertilizer is derived from phosphorites or amorphous phosphate rock, of which there arc enormous deposits
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