. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology; Zoologia Geral. PARIDAE 539. by bristly feathers, are exposed in Xerophila and Sphenostoma. Crests occur in the last-named and at times in Parvs. The colour of the soft, lax plumage is commonly dull; but Farus may be glossy greenish-black and yellow, as in the Sultan-bird (P. sultaneus); black with white on the wings, tail, or l<t\ver parts, as in P. niger and a few other African species ; blue and white, with a little black and grey or a yellow fore-neck, as in P. cyanns and P. Jiavi- pectus; blue, Ijlack, greenish, yellow, and white, as in the Bri
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology; Zoologia Geral. PARIDAE 539. by bristly feathers, are exposed in Xerophila and Sphenostoma. Crests occur in the last-named and at times in Parvs. The colour of the soft, lax plumage is commonly dull; but Farus may be glossy greenish-black and yellow, as in the Sultan-bird (P. sultaneus); black with white on the wings, tail, or l<t\ver parts, as in P. niger and a few other African species ; blue and white, with a little black and grey or a yellow fore-neck, as in P. cyanns and P. Jiavi- pectus; blue, Ijlack, greenish, yellow, and white, as in the British Great and Blue Tits (P. major and P. cacridetis); olive, brown, or grey, varied with black, white, chestnut, or buff, as in our Crested Tit (P. cristcUas); or lastly, the tints while including but little yellow or l^lue, as in our Coal and Marsh Tits (P. hritannicus and P. p)C('lustris), may be greyish or olive on the back, with a black head, white cheeks, and huffish- white under parts, the former species having a white nuchal patch. Psaltria is brown, grey, white, and buff; Psaltrlparus is similar; Xerophila and Sphenostoma are brown, with yellowish-white, buff, or brown and white lower surface ; Certhipartis is red-brown, with a grey nape and dull white breast. Acredula, containing the Long- tailed Tits, is black and white with a more or less pronounced rosy wash, or may be rufous, or brown and grey, with pinkish or fawn under parts, two species having chestnut heads. Aegithahis and Aariparas are rufous-brown, yellow-green, or greyisli above, with black and white, orange-red, or yellow heads; and are commonly rufous and white, yellow, or whitish below, occasionally with bay marks. The sexes are very similar, the young often yellower. Titmice are ordinarily non - migratory, Parus occupying most of the globe, except South America and the Australian Eegion east of Lombok and Flores; Psaltria is confined to Java, Acredula to the Palaearctic and Indian countries, Aegithalus
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