. Design for a brain; the origin of adaptive behavior. Calculators; Central nervous system -- Mathematical models; Behavior; Brain -- physiology. 7/3 THE ULTRASTABLE SYSTEM Thus we get Figure 7/2/2. By S. 6/3, Enyt the number of distinct values possible to S must be at least as great as the num- ber of distinct ways of behaving (both adapted and non-adapted) possible to R. Figure 7/2/2. 7/3. The essential variables must now be introduced; what affects them ? Clearly they must be affected by something, for we are not interested in the case of the organism that is immortal because nothing threat
. Design for a brain; the origin of adaptive behavior. Calculators; Central nervous system -- Mathematical models; Behavior; Brain -- physiology. 7/3 THE ULTRASTABLE SYSTEM Thus we get Figure 7/2/2. By S. 6/3, Enyt the number of distinct values possible to S must be at least as great as the num- ber of distinct ways of behaving (both adapted and non-adapted) possible to R. Figure 7/2/2. 7/3. The essential variables must now be introduced; what affects them ? Clearly they must be affected by something, for we are not interested in the case of the organism that is immortal because nothing threatens it. Possibilities are that they are affected by the environment, by R, or by both. The case of most interest is that in which they are immediately affected by the environment only. This case makes the problem for the kitten as harsh, as realistic as possible. This is the case when a hot coal falls from the fire and rolls towards the kitten: the environment threatens to have a direct effect on the essential variables, for if the kitten's brain does nothing the kitten will get burnt. This is the case when the animal in the desert is being dried by the heat, so that if the animal does nothing it will die of thirst. Immediate effects from R to the essential variables would be appropriate if the kitten's brain could act so as to change it from an organism that must not get burnt to one that benefited by being burnt ! (Such a change of goal may be of importance in the higher functionings of the nervous system, when a sub-goal may be established or changed provisionally; but the situation does not occur at the fundamental level that we are considering here, and we shall not consider such possibilities further.) The diagram of immediate effects now has the form of Figure 7/3/1. The essential variables have been represented collectively by a dial with a pointer, and with two limit-marks, to emphasise that what matters about the essential variables is whether or not the value is with
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookpublishernewyorkwiley, booksubjectcalculato
