. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. 102 THE BROAD-SCLEROPHYLL VEGETATION OF CALIFORNIA. of sectioning. According to authors quoted by Solereder (84, pp. 259-260), similar sacs in other members of the family may contain protein and other substances in addition to the tannin. Between the tapering lower ends of the tannin sacs are found the true pali- sade cells, which never reach the upper epiderm. Nearly all of the true mesophyll is palisade-like in character, the only differentiation being moderate looseness and irregularity near the lower epiderm. (3) Lower epiderm papillate and
. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. 102 THE BROAD-SCLEROPHYLL VEGETATION OF CALIFORNIA. of sectioning. According to authors quoted by Solereder (84, pp. 259-260), similar sacs in other members of the family may contain protein and other substances in addition to the tannin. Between the tapering lower ends of the tannin sacs are found the true pali- sade cells, which never reach the upper epiderm. Nearly all of the true mesophyll is palisade-like in character, the only differentiation being moderate looseness and irregularity near the lower epiderm. (3) Lower epiderm papillate and upper slightly so. (4) Stomata on lower side only, sunken to the depth of the epiderm, with small exterior chambers. (5) Tannin sacs: see above. Rhamnus californica.—(2) Bifacial. Palisade tissue three to four layers deep, occupy- ing slightly more than half the mesophyll; sponge loose. (3) Some cells of upper epiderm doubled, and occasionally one with an apparently gelatinized inner wall, as reported by Herzog (42). (4) Stomata on lower side only, not specialized. (5) Tannin in bundle- sheath; a rather thick covering of clustered hairs on lower surface. Rhamnus crocea (fig. 31).—(2) Bifacial. Palisade tissue two to three layers deep, occu- pying half the mesophyll; sponge very loose. (3) Lower epiderm two to three times as thick as the upper, composed of cells elongated perpendicularly to the surface of the leaf, many of them being doubled; appearing like weakly developed water-storage tissue. (4) Stomata on lower side only, barely sunken. (5) Tannin in Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington
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