. Elements of railroad track and construction . quiresthe full length of two ordinary flat cars to transportthem. 279. Split Caps.—The cap of a pile trestle bent mayconsist of a soUd piece of 12 by 12-inch timber fastened 254 RAILROAD TRACK AND CONSTRUCTION. to the tops of the piles by mortise and tenon joints or bydrift-bolts in the same manner as in a framed trestlebent, but the split cap is used in most cases with details of a split cap are shown in Fig. 143. Itconsists of a tenon 4 inches thick, as wide as thepile, and as long as the depth of the cap, as shownin Figs. 143, a and
. Elements of railroad track and construction . quiresthe full length of two ordinary flat cars to transportthem. 279. Split Caps.—The cap of a pile trestle bent mayconsist of a soUd piece of 12 by 12-inch timber fastened 254 RAILROAD TRACK AND CONSTRUCTION. to the tops of the piles by mortise and tenon joints or bydrift-bolts in the same manner as in a framed trestlebent, but the split cap is used in most cases with details of a split cap are shown in Fig. 143. Itconsists of a tenon 4 inches thick, as wide as thepile, and as long as the depth of the cap, as shownin Figs. 143, a and b. The cap consists of two6 by 12 or 6 by 14-inch timbers,bolted through the tenon as shown inFig. 143, c. The bolts are f inch indiameter, and usually have a head onone end, as in the ordinary bolt, but insome cases a bolt with a thread and nuton each end is used, which allows onepart of the cap to be replaced at a time,and also allows both parts of the cap tobe screwed tight independently. Split caps may alsobe used on frame trestle Article XXIII. TRESTLE SUPERSTRUCTURE. 280. Corbels.—In both framed and pile trestles thesuperstructure consists of everything above the cap,viz., corbels, stringers, cross-ties, and guard rails. Thefirst sketch in Fig. 144 represents a side view of the super-structure at the bent, and the second sketch shows a TRESTLES. 255 longitudinal view of part of the superstructure, a a beingthe cap. The corbels, or bolsters, 6 6, for two 8 by 16-inchstringers, consist of a block 8 inches thick, 16| incheswide, and 4 feet long, resting symmetrically upon the capa a and supporting the stringers c c. The corbels arenotched one inch over the cap, and should be drift-boltedto the cap, the drift-bolts having countersunk heads,form part of the stringer splice, give a good bearing forthe ends of the stringers, distribute the weight uniformly
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