. Journal of the New England Water Works Association . ircuits thatmight have had some effect upon the force main. In a word, the cor-rosion was found at perhaps the one point on the main where it mightleast have been expected. For these reasons it Avas not at all apparentat the outset that the corrosion was due to electric railway current, andit was necessary to carefully consider all of the possible causes other thanrailway stray current, The case is distinctly unique, and the questionsconsidered and the procedure followed in diagnosing the cause of corrosionand providing for its correction
. Journal of the New England Water Works Association . ircuits thatmight have had some effect upon the force main. In a word, the cor-rosion was found at perhaps the one point on the main where it mightleast have been expected. For these reasons it Avas not at all apparentat the outset that the corrosion was due to electric railway current, andit was necessary to carefully consider all of the possible causes other thanrailway stray current, The case is distinctly unique, and the questionsconsidered and the procedure followed in diagnosing the cause of corrosionand providing for its correction are, therefore, of more than ordinaryinterest. In studying the case, the following causes of corrosion were investi-gated : (a) Railway Current (b) Soil Corrosion (c) Small Local Galvanic Currents. *Of Crecelius & Phillips, Consulting Engineers. Cleveland, Ohio. PHILLIPS. 171 Railway Currkx i . Preliminary tests upon the force main showed thai current was flowingaway from Akron in the direction of Tallmadge to the extent of about 20 Noon 10 II 12. i * Overall Potential Drops And Earth Gradients AFFECfTING ISl EEL WA1 EH MAIM, CrTY O^ *,H!T-&l3I_l92J. CRECELIUS fc PHILLIPS •: M. CONSULTING rHGtNEI°fi3. amperes ;it the time of the railway peak load. It was also found that therewas some slight flow of currenl from Kent toward Tallmadge, although thiscurrenl frequently reversed direction. Potential readings were taken be- 172 INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROLYSIS. tween the force main and all metallic structures crossing it, viz: two gasmains and several railroad crossings. These voltage drops were found tobe small, of the order of one volt or less,and apparently independent of therailway load and the magnitude of current on the main. It was, therefore,concluded that these structures had no bearing on the case. In order to determine the potentials causing the flow of current on theforce main, voltage measurements were taken for 24 hours between theseveral railway substatio
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