. Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956 . Fig. 6. Shadowed carbon replica of part of a cell of Mallo- monas ptiniilio. (By courtesy of the J. Roy. Microscop. Soc.) organism is shown by replicas of whole cells, as in figure 6 which shows one end of a cell of M. piiniilio. This is a new species with scales differing only slightly from another closely allied species. The difterence can only be seen in the electron micro- scope. The scales of Synura are much smaller and more delicate than those of Mallomonas, and the case for using replicas is not quite so s
. Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956 . Fig. 6. Shadowed carbon replica of part of a cell of Mallo- monas ptiniilio. (By courtesy of the J. Roy. Microscop. Soc.) organism is shown by replicas of whole cells, as in figure 6 which shows one end of a cell of M. piiniilio. This is a new species with scales differing only slightly from another closely allied species. The difterence can only be seen in the electron micro- scope. The scales of Synura are much smaller and more delicate than those of Mallomonas, and the case for using replicas is not quite so strong. However, it has been found that a complete picture of the structure of the scale can only be obtained both by examining scales directly and using replicas. For example, in figure 7, which shows a scale of S. echiniilata photo- graphed directly, the structure at the base of the spike is clearly shown. In the case of the replica shown in figure 8, this structure is absent, indicating that it is actually internal. This fact is not revealed by shadowing the scale itself. The inner surface of the scale of S. echiniilata is not illustrated here; it is, in fact, the other side of the punctate region shown in both micrographs. The holes do not extend over the whole of the inner surface. It is hoped that the electron microscope will clear up many of the difficulties encountered in identifying the species of these two genera. This work is de- scribed in greater detail elsewhere (2, 3). The author is grateful to Prof. T. Harris of the Botany Department, University of Reading, for his help with the work on pollen, to Mrs. K. Harris with whom the work on Malloiuoiuis and Synura has been carried out, and also to Dr. P. B. Hora of the same Department with whom the work on fungus spores is being carried out. Permission to publish was given by Dr. T. E. Allibone, F. R. S., Director of the Research Laboratory. References 1. Bradi KY, D. F., These Proceedings, p. 268. 2. Harris, K.
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