. Chemistry: general, medical, and pharmaceutical, including the chemistry of the U. S. Pharmacopia. A manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy. ld hypnotic. Glycollic Acid (Hydroxyacetic Acid), CH2OHCOOH, is found inthe leaves of the Virginia creeper; artificially it may be obtainedby carefully oxidizing glycol and by the action of silver oxide ondextrose and laevulose. Lactic Acid (Hydroxypropionic Acid), C2H4(OII)COOH. At leastthree isomeric lactic acids are known, the fermentative lactic acid(ethylidene* lactic acid), CH3CH(OH)COOH (s
. Chemistry: general, medical, and pharmaceutical, including the chemistry of the U. S. Pharmacopia. A manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy. ld hypnotic. Glycollic Acid (Hydroxyacetic Acid), CH2OHCOOH, is found inthe leaves of the Virginia creeper; artificially it may be obtainedby carefully oxidizing glycol and by the action of silver oxide ondextrose and laevulose. Lactic Acid (Hydroxypropionic Acid), C2H4(OII)COOH. At leastthree isomeric lactic acids are known, the fermentative lactic acid(ethylidene* lactic acid), CH3CH(OH)COOH (see p. 347), and sarco-lactic acid, from flesh, being those of importance. * Bodies having the CH3CH group are called ethylidene chloral hydrate, trichlovethylidene glycol, CClsCH^OH^. 490 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. i-Oo© |b WWoooo CJQ WWOO WWdo5 Woo wo W S § . -a s •13 &. >^ >>^3 >->>> M >,* « K s s s 13 B H a Hi . fS( ^B O °o So CO -go |bs s S9 , £ cuo> o O O >h o M § M * 2^2^ WWW 13 MOu >> w o o o oo Wo wq ft « o x x oj OOJ WW ou w o 2 TO O >-» HO oO O Q h-, MhnWWWWWWWWi n So00000000 J2 teffiWwwwWwwffl q QOQOQOOQQO. AROMATIC SERIES. 491 The Acrylic Series. Acids of the Acrylic Series, CnH2n-iCOOH. Acrylic Acid, C2H3COOH or CH(CH2)COOH, is formed by oxidiz-ing acrolein (acrylic aldehyde; see Glycerin) by silver oxide. Crotonic Acid, or Methacrylic Acid, C3H5COOH or CH(CHCH3)-COOH, formerly supposed to be a constituent of croton oil, may beformed by oxidizing crotonic aldehyde, and by acting on allylcvanide, C3H5CN, by water and hydrochloric acid: C3H5CN +2H20 + HC1 = C3H5COOH + NH4C1. Oleic Acid, C18H3402, or CH(C16H32)COOH, is found as a glycericsalt in many fats and oils. Preparation.—Olive oil is saponified with caustic potash, andthe resulting soap decomposed by tartaric acid, which liberatesoleic and stearic acids. The oleic and stearic acids are heatedwith lead oxide, forming lead oleate and stearate, the
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