American practice of surgery : a complete system of the science and art of surgery . to a black-ish, necrotic substance, about whichthe tissues are markedly infiltratedand oedematous. (See Fig. 73.) Noproper line of demarcation, in the or-dinary acceptation of the term, isformed. The gangrene is usuallyunilateral, but may extend to theopposite side and even attack thebones of the nose and jaw. At the vulva the process usuallycommences at the margin of the labia,and may eventually spread to the clitoris, nymphae, hymen, and urethra. Itmay even invade the perineum, anus, thigh, and mons veneris,


American practice of surgery : a complete system of the science and art of surgery . to a black-ish, necrotic substance, about whichthe tissues are markedly infiltratedand oedematous. (See Fig. 73.) Noproper line of demarcation, in the or-dinary acceptation of the term, isformed. The gangrene is usuallyunilateral, but may extend to theopposite side and even attack thebones of the nose and jaw. At the vulva the process usuallycommences at the margin of the labia,and may eventually spread to the clitoris, nymphae, hymen, and urethra. Itmay even invade the perineum, anus, thigh, and mons veneris, and, like noma ofthe mouth, seems to have a tendency to penetrate deeply and attack the bone. Noma may be attended with high fever, chills, and great prostration, but thespecial symptoms are not infrequently masked by those of the previously exist-ing disease. The condition is exceedingly fatal, and the patient usually sinksinto a state of profound prostration and rapidly succumbs. Noma of themouth is said to be occasionally complicated by gangrene of the lungs Fig. 72.—Gangrene of the Appendix Vermforniisin Acute Appendicitis ; Concretion. (PathologicalMuseum, McGill University.) 220 a:\ierican practice of surgery mm!^ C \i ^H E y \ kM r -^ \ The affection appears to be almost certainly of infectious nature. It not in-frequently occurs in epidemics and affects parts that are particularly exposed tothe action of micro-organisms. The specific cause, if there be one, has not beendemonstrated as yet. A bacillus, resembling that of diphtheria, has been de-scribed by Bishop and Ryan and by Schimmelbusch, but is not invariably and Zambilovici have isolated from some cases a pathogenic micro-organism capable of inducing gan-grene when injected into and Lingard have also de-scribed a germ which the} believeto be specific. Necrosis of Bone. — Death ofbone occurs under two forms—ne-crosis and caries. Necrosis is deathof bone en masse,


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