. The actinomycetes. Actinomycetales. Fkure 12. Cross-section of a typical actinoinvccte colony on an a^jar incdiuin of characterization and classification, one must list the structure and subsequent changes in the substrate or vegetative myce- lium, the production and nature of the aerial mycelium, the nature of the sporulating branches or sporophores, and the size, shape, and surface of the spores. Among the physiological and cultural properties essential for characterization of actinomycetes, pigmentation of the sub- strate growth and of the aerial mycelium is most important; the formation
. The actinomycetes. Actinomycetales. Fkure 12. Cross-section of a typical actinoinvccte colony on an a^jar incdiuin of characterization and classification, one must list the structure and subsequent changes in the substrate or vegetative myce- lium, the production and nature of the aerial mycelium, the nature of the sporulating branches or sporophores, and the size, shape, and surface of the spores. Among the physiological and cultural properties essential for characterization of actinomycetes, pigmentation of the sub- strate growth and of the aerial mycelium is most important; the formation of soluble l)igments, both in synthetic and in organic media, is also significant. Among the other properties that make possible proper species identification of the organisms are hydroly- sis of proteins including gelatin and milk casein, hydrolysis of starch, in\'ersion of sucrose, digestion of cellulose, and formation of specific antibiotics. The utilization of sugars and related compounds, with and without the formation of acids, can supply additional information for species dif!"eren- tiation. The antagonistic activities and the ability to produce antibiotics have recently come into popular use for the characteriza- tion of specific organisms. The sensitivity of actinom^'cetes to specific phages and to known antibiotics is also of consideral)l(> im- portance in establishing specific differences. Among the other supplementary character-. Fkuke I'.i. (icrminationof actiiioniycctc spores (Reproduced from: L\ct<ke, ;/ic imd Bi- ologic der Slrahlenpilze. Verlag von Ciohri'ider Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1921, p. 86, 87).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Waksman, Selman A. (Selman Abraham), 1888-1973. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins
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