. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . te, and some bubbleswill be seen to form around the strip and rise to the surface of thesolution. Then place the copper strip in the electrolyte in sucha position that it will not come in contact with the zinc. No actionis visible about the copper. The outer ends of the copper and zincstrips, which will hereafter be known as the elements, are nowconnected by means of the copper wire. An increased activitywill be noticed about the z
. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . te, and some bubbleswill be seen to form around the strip and rise to the surface of thesolution. Then place the copper strip in the electrolyte in sucha position that it will not come in contact with the zinc. No actionis visible about the copper. The outer ends of the copper and zincstrips, which will hereafter be known as the elements, are nowconnected by means of the copper wire. An increased activitywill be noticed about the zinc element. The copper element be- 22 METHODS OF CREATING AN ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE 23 comes active, and the bubbles around it are much more numerousthan around the zinc element. The greater number of these bub-bles are seen to rise to the surface of the solution and disappear asgas. The question will be asked by the investigating student,What causes this phenomena? Fig. 1 represents a simple or voltaic cell. It is rilled to the pointA with a 5-percent solution of sulphuric acid, which constitutesthe electrolyte. Z and C are the elements. The bubbles that form. FiE -Simple cell. around the zinc before the elements are connected are due to whatis called a local action or short currents within the zinc, due to thepresence in the zinc itself of impurities, as iron, arsenic, etc. Ifthe zinc is perfectly pure, no bubbles will come from it when dis-connected. To explain the action that takes place in a voltaic cell, it is neces-sary to understand the interaction between the electrolyte and theelements. The electrolyte is composed of a compound substance insolution. The water seems to so destroy the natural chemical af-finity existing between the atoms of some compounds as to allowthem a freedom of action when influenced by an external con-trolling force. Every electrolyte is a watery solution of somecompound, and every compound is made up of elements of differentpolarity. It must be un
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