A text-book of first aid and emergency treatment . are sufficiently com-mon to be of considerable interest to the first-aid worker. THE JOINTS. The bones are joined together by strong fibrous bandscalled ligaments. Where the bones move on each otherthere is formed a joint or articulation. In some cases thebones are joined so firmly that there is no motion, as inthe bones of the skull and in the pelvis. In other cases thereis only slight motion, as in the spine and the ribs, A\hile inother joints the motion is very free, as in the shoulder andin the hip. Where motion is possible in all directio
A text-book of first aid and emergency treatment . are sufficiently com-mon to be of considerable interest to the first-aid worker. THE JOINTS. The bones are joined together by strong fibrous bandscalled ligaments. Where the bones move on each otherthere is formed a joint or articulation. In some cases thebones are joined so firmly that there is no motion, as inthe bones of the skull and in the pelvis. In other cases thereis only slight motion, as in the spine and the ribs, A\hile inother joints the motion is very free, as in the shoulder andin the hip. Where motion is possible in all directions thejoint is known as a ball-and-socket joint. In other casesmotion is possible in only one plane, such as at the elbowand the knee-joint. Such a joint is known as a hinge-joint. THE JOINTS 37 Many of the joints are technically regarded as hinge-joints,although they have a small amount of lateral motion. Oblique poplitealligament Medial menibcus. Adipose tissue Bursa under Quadricepsfeinoris Infja III^patellar , ^— Medial meniscus y *y ~L (jamenium paiellce Iiu)sa between tibia andligamentu77i patellae Fig. 9.—Longitudinal section of the knee-joint showing ligaments, jointcavity and knee-cap, (Gray.) ?s ANA TOM Y AND PHYSIOLOGY Each joint is lined with a thin membrane called synovialmembrane, which secre es a scrons finid. The jinrpose ofthis Hnid is to act as a hibricant for the movement of thejoint. When the synovial membrane l)t>c()mes inflamed thethe condition is known as svnovitis. Ani. inf. iliac spine -.
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