Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical : a text-book for students and practitioners . fic type of organism. (b). Typhoid Bacillus. This organism, discovered by Eberth, is so similar in morphology tonumerous other organisms, especially to the bacillus coli communis, that simplestaining methods do not suffice for its detection. The characteristic stool,oftyphoid fever is a copious watery stool, having a strong odor and an alkaline THE FECES. 121 reaction. This stool is known as the ^^pea-soup stool, and may be tinged withblood and contain many pus-cells. The typhoid baci
Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical : a text-book for students and practitioners . fic type of organism. (b). Typhoid Bacillus. This organism, discovered by Eberth, is so similar in morphology tonumerous other organisms, especially to the bacillus coli communis, that simplestaining methods do not suffice for its detection. The characteristic stool,oftyphoid fever is a copious watery stool, having a strong odor and an alkaline THE FECES. 121 reaction. This stool is known as the ^^pea-soup stool, and may be tinged withblood and contain many pus-cells. The typhoid bacilli are medium-sized organisms with rounded ends,generally short, but sometimes long or thread-like and frequently showingfaintly-stained sharply-defined areas in their protoplasm. They are activelymotile and have both polar and lateral flagella. This organism stains with theordinary dyes and is decolorized by Grams method. Several methods have been advanced to permit of isolation of the typhoidbacillus from the feces. The writer selects, therefore, those that have proventhe most satisfactory in his Fig. 23.—Bacillus typhosus, stained to show flagella{Oertel after Frankel and P/eiffer.) Method of Drigalski and Conradi.^ Three pounds of minced beef are mixed with 2 liters of water and allowedto stand overnight. The beef is then pressed and the juice boiled for onehour and filtered. To the filtrate are added 20 grams of Wittes peptone,20 grams of nutrose, and 10 grams of sodium chlorid. Boil this mixture onehour and filter. To the filtrate 60 grams of agar are added and the mixtureboiled for three hours, one of which should be in the autoclave. Slightlyalkalinize the mixture to litmus-paper, filter, and boil for one-half hour. Tothis hot agar solution, which should be now about 60°, add the following litmus-lactose solution. Two hundred and sixty of litmus solution is boiled for10 minutes, after which 30 grams of chemically pure lactose are added andthe mixture boi
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