Annals of medical history . tactical purposes,changed his views on oppression and or-ganized dishonesty. During the XVIII centuryGreat Britain was the onlyEuropean country whichhad curtailed the arbitrarypowers of Royalty. InFrance Louis XV wasable to forbid the pub-lication of the famousencyclopedia, and many-writers were persecutedwithout reason and withscant mercy. It seemedthat there was an un-mistakable advantageto learning in Englandas compared with itsposition in France, andVoltaire was incited towork for a similar in-tellectual enfranchise-ment for his country-men. It was during his vi


Annals of medical history . tactical purposes,changed his views on oppression and or-ganized dishonesty. During the XVIII centuryGreat Britain was the onlyEuropean country whichhad curtailed the arbitrarypowers of Royalty. InFrance Louis XV wasable to forbid the pub-lication of the famousencyclopedia, and many-writers were persecutedwithout reason and withscant mercy. It seemedthat there was an un-mistakable advantageto learning in Englandas compared with itsposition in France, andVoltaire was incited towork for a similar in-tellectual enfranchise-ment for his country-men. It was during his visitto England as a young man, that he cameto realize how much France was remainingbehind in the development of true there, he attended the stately funeralof Newton, and, as Parton informs us, In extreme- old age his eye wouldkindle and his countenance light upwhen he spoke of having lived in a landwhere a professor of mathematics, solelybecause he was greal in his vocation,could be buried in a temple where the. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, throughwhose determination inoculation was intro-duced into England. ashes of kings reposed and the highestsubjects in the kingdom felt it an honorto assist in bearing thither his body. His British experiences seem to havevitalized the main springs of his mind andto have given direction to his energy. Buthe was too accurate an observer of humannature to confuse political with intellectualfreedom. He knew, as well as Le Bon, howthe crowd is made up; he saw that democ-racy was a dream and realized thatthe few govern. But he sawalso, and just as unerringly,that the advancement ofhumanity depended onlearning. There was no lack ofproof in his time of theterrible penalties menwere forced to pay forexpressing the most ab-stract ideas. It may beremembered that in thecentury in which Vol-taire was born theFrench Parliament is-sued a decree whichforbade all persons, un-der pain of death, tohold or to teach anymethod contrary to theancient an


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Keywords: ., bookauthorp, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectmedicine