. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 68 The Hemlocks plish; the seeds are about 3 mm. long and provided with a few oil glands; the broad based wing is two or three times the length of the seed. The wood is rather hard, tough, close-grained, and pale yellowish brown; its specific gravity is about It is the best of the American hemlocks, takes a good poUsh, and is becoming more extensively used in carpentry. The bark is rich in tannin, and in the Northwe
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 68 The Hemlocks plish; the seeds are about 3 mm. long and provided with a few oil glands; the broad based wing is two or three times the length of the seed. The wood is rather hard, tough, close-grained, and pale yellowish brown; its specific gravity is about It is the best of the American hemlocks, takes a good poUsh, and is becoming more extensively used in carpentry. The bark is rich in tannin, and in the Northwest furnishes the best taiming material. The inner bark is also used by the Indians as a food; collected in the spring, they beat it into a pulp, then bake it into hard cakes which are kept for winter use. Although this magnificent tree has thrived well in Europe, it has failed in the northeastern United States, probably due to the severe and frequent changes of temperature in the winter. 4. MOUNTAIN HEMLOCK — Tsuga Mertensiana (Bongard) Carrifere Pinm Mertensiana Bongard. Tsuga Pattoniana (A. Murray) Sendlacuze Also called Black hemlock, Patton's hemlock, Alpine spruce. Weeping spruce, and Patton's spruce, occurs at high altitudes of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountains, from northern CaHfomia and Nevada northward to southern Alaska; eastward it is found in Idaho and Montana. Its maximum height is 30 me- ters, with a trunk diameter of 3 meters, but above tim- ber line on the higher mountains it becomes a straggling shrub. The branches are slen- der, curved, and pendent, the branchlets drooping, their tips often curved up- ward, forming an open conic tree. The bark of old trees is to 4 cm. thick, deeply fissured, with rounded ridges, which are obliquely connected and The twigs are thin. - Mountain Hemlock. Fig. 54. broken into close scales of a red to purplish brown color, and flexible or short and stiff, dependent upon whether it has grown in moist rich, or dry sterile
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