. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent : designed for the use of practitioners and students . heart changes its position far less than usual during deep inspira-tion ; it is lower down in the thorax than in health, so much so that itspulsation may be felt over the ensiform cartilage, and its long axis is ina more vertical position. The lower position of the diaphragm givesthe axis of the heart when viewed both from the front and side of this vertical direction, and is one of the reasons why this organ,when looked at fr
. The Roentgen rays in medicine and surgery as an aid in diagnosis and as a therapeutic agent : designed for the use of practitioners and students . heart changes its position far less than usual during deep inspira-tion ; it is lower down in the thorax than in health, so much so that itspulsation may be felt over the ensiform cartilage, and its long axis is ina more vertical position. The lower position of the diaphragm givesthe axis of the heart when viewed both from the front and side of this vertical direction, and is one of the reasons why this organ,when looked at from side to side, is at a greater distance from thesternum in emphysema than in health. Frequently the right ventricleand the right auricle are seen to be enlarged, and the latter is moreclearly seen, both because the lungs are brighter, and the auricle islarger than normal. o 193 194 THE ROENTGEN RAYS IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY Methods of Examination. — The method of examining a case of em-physema, and of recording the observations made, are sufficiently indi-cated in the directions given for examinations of the chest in ChaptersIII, V, and Fig. 122. Diagram of emphysema of both lungs in full inspiration. Broken lines show position ofdiaphragm in expiration. Nipple level indicated by heavy lines under brighter and long axis of heart more vertical than normal; excursion of diaphragm shorterthan normal, and low down m the thorax. In this disease the X-rays may be especially serviceable ; they enableus, even, to make the diagnosis of emphysema without the aid of anyof the usual physical signs, and to recognize it in some cases where ithas been overlooked by these signs; further, they can assure us that noconsiderable amount of emphvsema is present even when the physical EMPHYSEMA OF THE LUNGS. BRONCHITIS 195 examination has indicated it. They likewise indicate to what extent theheart is enlarged. The following cases are illustrative: — Case I. John S., 42 years
Size: 1518px × 1647px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookidroentgenrays, bookyear1901
