. Elementary physiology . FiG. 76.—Cross-section of a small fragment of the mucovis membrane of the intestine, including one entire crypt of Lieberkiihn z,/;/„. Thp«;p nrf^ Qinrnlp hihn and parts of three others. (Magnified ^"/^^^' -»- ilGSe are SimpiC lUDU- 400 diameters.) (Frey.) lar invaginations of the surfacc a, cavity of the tubular glands or crypts ; 3, _ , one of the lining epithelial cells ; c, the OI the mUCOUS membrane interglandular tissue; rf, lymph-cells. t j -,1 ,• n / Imed with secretmg cells (see Fig. 76); similar crypts are found in the large intestine, but in these muci
. Elementary physiology . FiG. 76.—Cross-section of a small fragment of the mucovis membrane of the intestine, including one entire crypt of Lieberkiihn z,/;/„. Thp«;p nrf^ Qinrnlp hihn and parts of three others. (Magnified ^"/^^^' -»- ilGSe are SimpiC lUDU- 400 diameters.) (Frey.) lar invaginations of the surfacc a, cavity of the tubular glands or crypts ; 3, _ , one of the lining epithelial cells ; c, the OI the mUCOUS membrane interglandular tissue; rf, lymph-cells. t j -,1 ,• n / Imed with secretmg cells (see Fig. 76); similar crypts are found in the large intestine, but in these mucin (goblet) cells are more common (see Fig. 77). Succus entericus is strongly alkaline in reaction, and contains an inverting ferment {invertin) which acts on the double sugars (saccharoses) and changes them into simple sugars (glucoses). In this way it attacks the maltose formed by the action of the saliva and pancreatic juice on the starch of the food, and changes each molecule of it into two molecules of dextrose. In a similar fashion it converts cane sugar into a mixture of equal parts of dextrose and Isevulose.^ The chemical changes in the food brought about by the ^ The action is a hydrolytic one—that is to say, the elements of a molecule of water are taken up, as might be represented by the equation—
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